糖尿病药物治疗的现状

近年来,随着对糖尿病（DM）发病机制的深入研究,众多新型降糖药物获得研发,为DM患者的治疗提供了更多选择。临床医师合理选择降糖药物,能有效控制血糖,减少药物不良反应,降低DM患者并发症的发生。本文系统地综述了DM治疗药物进展,详细介绍了胰岛素分泌促进剂、胰岛素增敏剂、α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂、肠促胰岛素及二肽基肽酶Ⅳ抑制剂,以及胰岛素各类药物和新药情况,同时介绍了正在研发的其他降糖药物和治疗糖尿病并发症的药物。

Current situation of drug treatment for diabetes mellitus

Nowadays, many new types of hypoglycemic agents have developed with profound researches on the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus （DM）. These drugs offer more options in the treatment of the disease. Rational selection of these agents will effectively control blood glucose and reduce adverse reactions and complications in the DM patients. In this article, we reviewed the progress in the drugs for the treatment, focused on some hypoglycemic agents and new agents, such as insulin secretagogues, insulin sensitizers, α-glucosidase inhibitors （AGI）, glucagon-like peptide I（GLP-1）, dipeptidyl peptidase Ⅳ inhibitors （DPP-Ⅳ） as well as insulin, and also introduced many other manufacturing drugs which can decrease blood glucose and delay the complications.