积雪草化学成分和药理作用研究进展及其质量标志物预测分析

积雪草为伞形科植物积雪草的干燥全草，应用历史悠久、药理作用广泛。本文通过查询相关文献对积雪草的化学成分、药理作用进行综述分析，并结合中药Q-Marker概念，从传统药性、传统药效、化学成分可测性、不同复方配伍中表达组分等角度对积雪草Q-Marker进行预测，发现积雪草具有促进创伤愈合及抑制瘢痕增生、抗阿尔茨海默病、改善肾肺损伤及关节炎等活性，主要含有三萜皂苷类、黄酮类、挥发油类及多炔烯烃类等成分，主要活性物质为三萜皂苷类成分，建议将积雪草苷、积雪草酸、羟基积雪草苷、羟基积雪草酸和积雪草苷B等三萜皂苷类，芦丁、槲皮素、山柰酚、黄芩素、木犀草素等黄酮类化合物及挥发油类成分作为积雪草Q-Marker的主要选择，有利于完善积雪草质量评价标准并建立科学全面的专属质量控制体系，为积雪草临床用药及其资源的开发利用提供理论依据。

Research Progress on Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Effects of Centella asiatica and Prediction and Analysis of Its Quality Marker

Centella asiatica is the dried whole plant of Centella asiatica L. Urb, which has a long history of application and a wide range of pharmacological effects. This study reviewed and analyzed the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Centella asiatica by retrieving the relevant literature. Combined with the concept of Chinese medicinal Q-Marker, the Q-Marker of Centella asiatica was predicted from the point of view of property of traditional medicinal, efficacy of traditional medicinal, measurability of chemical components and expressed components in different compound formulations. It is found that Centella asiatica has the activities of promoting wound healing, inhibiting scar proliferation, resisting Alzheimer''s disease, improving injuries of kidney and lung and alleviating arthritis. The main chemical constituents include triterpenoid saponins, flavonoids, volatile oils and polyalkenes, and the main active substances are triterpenoid saponins. It is suggested that triterpenoid saponins including asiaticoside, asiatic acid, madecassoside, madecassic acid and asiaticoside B, flavonoids including rutin, quercetin, kaempferol, baicalein, luteolin, as well as volatile oil are used as the main options of Q-Marker. It is helpful to improve the quality evaluation standard of Centella asiatica and establish a scientific and comprehensive exclusive quality control system, and provide a theoretical basis for the clinical use of Centella asiatica and the development and utilization of its resources.