Effects of physical activity,body mass index,waist-to-hip ratio and waist circumference on total mortality risk in the Swedish National March Cohort |
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Authors: | Rino Bellocco Chongqi Jia Weimin Ye Ylva Trolle Lagerros |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden;(2) Department of Statistics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy;(3) Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Shandong University, Shandong, People’s Republic of China;(4) Department of Medicine, Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, T2, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; |
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Abstract: | The health benefits of physical activity (PA) have been well documented. However, there is less research investigating whether
or not these health benefits might differ among males and females or among subjects characterized by different levels of body
mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist circumference (WC). Baseline total PA, BMI, WHR and waist circumference
were measured in 14,585 men and 26,144 women who participated in the Swedish National March. Their effects on all-cause mortality
were analyzed with a follow-up time of almost 10 years. Sedentary men with a BMI ≥ 30 had a 98% (95% CI: 30–201%) increased
risk of mortality compared to normal weight men with a high level of total PA. The same trend was observed for sedentary men
with high WHR or waist circumference, compared to lean and highly active men. Sedentary women with a waist circumference of
88 cm or more had almost doubled, i.e. 97% (95% CI: 35–189%) increased mortality risk compared to physically active women
with a waist circumference below 80 cm. BMI in men, but waist circumference in women better forecast all-cause mortality.
We found no substantial effect modification between different measures of adiposity and physical activity—physical inactivity
and obesity seem to increase total mortality risk independently and additively. |
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