锌缺乏对婴幼儿智能发育的影响及早期干预研究

目的:研究锌缺乏对婴幼儿智能发育的影响及早期干预的作用。方法:采用纵向追踪研究的方法,对我院系统管理中出生后1个月的足月正常婴儿进行Gesell发育诊断量表测试,从中选择600例智能发育正常的婴儿作为研究对象,于生后6个月进行末梢血微量元素锌的检测,并根据血锌水平将其分为锌缺乏组和正常对照组。在此基础上,对锌缺乏组婴幼儿进行干预性补锌3个月后,分别于生后9、12和18个月各进行1次Gesell发育诊断量表测试和末梢血微量元素锌的检测。结果:婴幼儿锌缺乏的发生率为35.50%,且锌缺乏组婴幼儿智能发育水平明显落后于正常对照组,尤其是在适应性、语言和个人社交3个能区,两者比较存在显著性差异(P<0.01)。对锌缺乏组婴幼儿进行干预性补锌后,其智能发育水平逐渐改善,9个月时两组间差异缩小,12个月时其智能发育水平与正常对照组相近,两者比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:锌缺乏将阻碍婴幼儿的智能发育,而早期干预能明显改善锌缺乏对婴幼儿智能发育的影响。

The effects of zinc deficiency on infants'''' intellectual development and its early intervention

Objective:To evaluate the effects of early intervention on the intellectual development of zinc deficiency infants.Methods:Using the method of lengthways tracking,infants were checked at the first month by Gesell developmental scales and 600 normal infants were selected as investigation objects.Zinc in peripheral blood of the 600 infants was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer in 6th month after birth and divided the 600 infants into two groups:zinc deficiency group and normal control group.The zinc deficiency group received zinc supplementation for 3 months and in 9th,12th and18th month infants received Gesell developmental scales and zinc detection respectively.The control group only received Gesell developmental scales and zinc detection without any intervention.Results:The incidence of zinc deficiency was 35.50% in infants and the intellectual development of zinc deficiency group was significant lower than normal control group,noticeably on adaptability,language and social interaction zones(P<0.01).However,after zinc supplementation the infant's intellectual development of zinc deficiency group was significantly improved and the difference started to shrink in 9th month,there was no difference in 12th month(P>0.05).Conclusion:Zinc deficiency interferes infant's intellectual development and early intervention can improve intellectual development of zinc deficiency infants.