城市老年人孤独的相关因素与对策

目的　探讨城市老年人群孤独相关因素与对策。方法　采用分层随机抽样方法 ,对合肥市 6 33名6 0岁以上离退休老年人的孤独及相关因素进行横断面研究 ,使用UCLA孤独评定量表、健康相关生活质量量表和社会人口特征调查问卷进行调查。结果　孤独评分平均为 37.85 (SD =9.99) ,女性、高年龄组、文化程度低、独居、单身或丧偶、家庭经济收入低、家庭功能和社会支持不好的老年人 ,孤独评分较高。结论　家庭功能和社会支持是老年人孤独的重要因素。提出应采取针对家庭功能和社会支持多项干预策略和综合措施 ,以减轻城市老年人的孤独 ,提高老年人的生活质量。

Loneliness Problem of Urban Seniorl citizen and its Countermeasures

Objective To explore factors related to loneliness of senior residents.Methods a cross-sectional, epidemiological study was conducted with the participation of 633 elderly subjects, aged more than 60 years old, selected randomly from 15 stratified sampling units. Data were collected through individual interviews using the UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3), other health-related QOL questionnaires and a socio-demographic health information form.Results The mean score of loneliness was 37.85 (SD=9.99). People who were female, aged, uneducated, living alone, single or conjugal bereavement and poor economic situation, family functioning, social support were more likely to have higher scores of loneliness.Conclusions It was concluded that family functioning and social support were two important factors affecting feelings of loneliness. A series of strategies designed to address family functioning and social support were suggested for alleviating feelings of loneliness and improving quality of life.