干细胞示踪在疾病中的应用

干细胞（Stem cells）是一种增殖能力较强的、具有多向分化潜能和自我更新特性的细胞.它能通过分化成多种细胞表型、提供细胞因子和趋化因子、抑制免疫反应、增强组织的再生从而来治疗各种疾病,因此在疾病的临床研究中越来越受到重视.但目前,干细胞体内移植后的归巢、迁移、分布、增殖及分化等生物学行为仍无法客观的动态监测.传统的研究通过病理组织切片来进行评估,这种方法不适用于细胞在活体内的生物学行为监测.近年来,分子成像技术的不断发展为干细胞移植提供无创、活体实时的评价手段.随着研究的不断深入,越来越多的分子影像学技术广泛应用到细胞示踪领域,从而有利于客观动态评价干细胞在疾病治疗中的作用机制及生物学行为.对干细胞示踪及分子影像学技术在疾病中的应用进行了总结。

Application of Stem Cells Tracing in Diseases

Stern cells are a kind of undifferentiated ceils with capability of easy expanding, multi-directional differentiation and self-renewal. Stem cells can differentiate into specific cells and divide to yield daughter cells, produce cytokines and chemokines, inhibit immunoreaction, promote tissue regeneration, thus can be applied in treatment of various diseases. Therefore, stem cells have been paid much attention in clinical study of diseases. However, the biological behaviors of stem ceils after transplantation, including homing, migration, distribution, proliferation and differentiation, can＇t be monitored dynamically. Traditional studies evaluated the biological behaviors of stem cells with pathologic examination, which is not suitable for objective, real-time and dynamic monitoring the biological behaviors of stem cells in vivo. Recently, versatile imaging modalities have been developed and carried out to track the stem cells non-invasively in living systems. With the development of technology, more and more molecular imaging technologies have been applied in the field of cells tracing, which can objectively and dynamically monitor the biological behaviors and the mechanism of action of stem cells in treatment of diseases. In this review, we summarized the aoolication of stem cells tracine and molecular imaging in diseases.