禽流感病毒免疫血清对实验感染小鼠的紧急预防效果研究

目的 评价H5N1亚型禽流感病毒免疫血清对实验感染小鼠的紧急预防保护效果.方法 给30只小鼠腹腔注射0.2 ml/只禽流感病毒免疫血清,注射后1～19 d内每天采3只小鼠血清测定血凝抑制(HI)抗体效价,测定免疫血清在小鼠体内的消长规律;给10只小鼠腹腔注射1.5 ml/只禽流感病毒免疫血清,检测免疫血清对小鼠的安全性;将70只小鼠按数字表法随机分为7组,分别为正常对照组、病毒对照组以及免疫血清高剂量早期组、高剂量中期组、高剂量晚期组、中剂量组、低剂量组.每组10只,分别在攻毒前8 d,4 d和1 d时腹腔注射血清0.2 ml/只、0.1 ml/只、0.05 ml/只禽流感病毒免疫血清,然后给小鼠滴鼻感染10个半数致死量(LD50)病毒,攻毒后连续观察14 d,计算小鼠存活率和平均存活天数,比较各实验组小鼠肺指数及肺脏病毒感染滴度.结果注射0.2 ml免疫血清小鼠HI抗体效价在1～15 d时为26,在17 d以后开始下降;1.5 ml免疫血清注射小鼠全部存活,没有发病;在攻毒前8 d、4 d和1 d时给小鼠腹腔注射0.2 ml免疫血清,小鼠存活率分别为80%、100%和100%,平均存活天数分别为13.1 d、14.0 d和14.0 d,在攻毒前1 d给小鼠腹腔注射0.1 ml和0.05 ml免疫血清,小鼠存活率分别为100%和50%,平均存活天数分别为14.0 d和11.7 d,各实验组小鼠肺指数(O.0096±0.0033～0.0145±0.0060)均小于病毒对照组(0.0199±0.0025),除低剂量组外,均具有统计学意义(P值0.0022～0.0470,＜0.05),各实验组小鼠肺脏病毒滴度(TCID50)较病毒对照组平均低2个滴度.结论禽流感病毒免疫血清对实验感染小鼠具有较好的紧急预防保护效果,可作为人禽流感紧急预防制剂加以研究开发.

Emergency prophylactic effects of the avian influenza virus immunized serum on the infected mice

Objective To evaluate emergency prophylactic effects of the avian influenza virus immunized serum on experimentally infected mice.Methods Serum HI antibody titers of 30 mice were detected at day 1 to 19 after being inoculated with 0.2 ml immune serum to estimate half life of immune serum.Ten mice clinical symptom was recorded to estimate the serum security after mice injected 1.5 ml immune serum.Seventy mice were randomly divided into 7 groups according to random number table and inoculated with 0.2 ml,0.1 ml and 0.05 ml immune serum respectivdy via intraperitoneal injection on day 8,4 and 1 prior to challenged with 10 LD50 influenza virus intranasaL Mice were observed continually for 14 days to calculate the morbidity,mortality,average survival days and compare the lung index and viral titers in lung.Results Serum HI antibody titers of mice which inoculated with 0.2 ml immune serum maintained 26 in 15 days after injection,but drawdown after day 17,the mice injected 1.5 ml immune serum were all alive and none onset.The survival rate of mice which injected 0.2 ml serum on the day 8,4,1 before challenge was 80% ,100% and 100%,and the average survival period was 13.1 days ,14.0 days and 14.0 days respectively.The survival rate of mice which injected 0.1 ml and 0.05 ml serum on day 1 before challenge was 100% and 50% ,and the average survival days were 14.0 days and 11.7 days respectively.The mice lung index of experimental groups (0.0096 ±0.0033-0.0145±0.0060) was smaller than that of viral control group (0.0199±0.0025) ,with a statistical significance (P value 0.0022 - 0.0470,＜ 0.05).The viral titers in lung were significantly decreased by 2 titer as compared to the viral controls.Conclusion The avian influenza virus immunized serum might contain the emergency prophylactic effects and could be developed as an agent for possible human-avian influenza pandemic.