人参和枳椇子对小鼠乙醇急性中毒保护作用及其机制研究

目的研究人参和枳椇子对小鼠乙醇中毒的保护作用,观察并比较其药效和主要作用靶点。方法人参组和枳椇子组小鼠分别以人参8 g生药／kg和枳椇子5 g生药／kg灌胃给药3 d,末次给药后30 min空白对照组给等容量双蒸水外,其余各组均以7．11 g／kg乙醇灌胃。记录小鼠翻正反射消失时间,120 min后取血测乙醇浓度,取肝、肠检测乙醇脱氢酶(ADH)和细胞色素P4502E1(CYP2E1)活性。结果与乙醇对照组相比,人参明显延长小鼠翻正反射消失时间,降低血乙醇浓度,提高肠ADH活性,降低肠和肝CYP2E1 活性;枳椇子明显延长小鼠翻正反射消失时间,降低血乙醇浓度,提高肝ADH活性。结论人参及枳椇子对小鼠急性中毒均有保护作用,人参主要抑制乙醇经CYP2E1代谢,促进乙醇经ADH代谢,而枳椇子则主要促进乙醇经ADH代谢。

Protection and Mechanism of Panax Ginseng and Hovenia Dulcis Thunb on Acute Alcoholism Mice

Objective To observe the protection of two traditional Chinese medicine-Panax ginseng (PNG) and Hovenia dulcis thunb (HDT) on acute alcoholism mice, and explore the effectual target of the two medicines and compare their effects. Methods Mice were daily administered intragastrically with hot water extracts of PNG (8 g crude drug/kg) and HDT (5 g crude drug/kg), respectively, for three days. Thirty minutes after the last administration, the animals were administrated ethanol (7.11 g/kg) intragastrically. The tolerance time was recorded and plasma ethanol concentration was determined at 120 min after ethanol administration. Alcohol de-hydrogenase (ADH) and aniline hydroxylase (CYP2E1) activity in liver and small intestine were assayed. Results Compared with the control group, PNG significantly delayed tolerance time, decreased plasma ethanol concentration, and induced ADH activity in small intestine and inhibited CYP2E1 activity in liver and small intestine; HDT delayed tolerance time, decreased plasma ethanol concentration, and induced ADH activity in liver. Conclusion The protection of both PNG and HDT on acute alcoholism mice was observed. PNG affected the ethanol metabolism through inhibiting CYP2E1 activity and inducing ADH activity, while HDT through inducing ADH activity.