良性阵发性位置性眩晕临床特征与预后

目的 探讨良性阵发性位置性眩晕（benign p aroxysmal p ositional v ertigo，BPPV）的临床特征以及预后情况。方法 收集2009年7月-2015年6月在首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院门诊或住院确诊并经复位治疗痊愈的BPPV患者1046例。所有患者于2015年12月进行随访以了解预后状况，所有数据应用SPSS 22.0进行统计分析。结果 ①BPPV多见于女性，发病高峰年龄为50～60岁，女男比例为2∶1。②BPPV复发率为27.20%，Logistic回归多因素分析发现伴有梅尼埃病的患者复发的风险是不伴有梅尼埃病患者的15.567倍（P＜0.001）；有偏头痛的患者复发的风险是没有偏头痛的患者的3.003倍（P＜0.01）；伴有高血压和高脂血症的患者复发的风险分别是不伴有高血压和高脂血症患者的1.554倍和1.457倍（P＜0.05）。结论 BPPV多见于中年患者，女性多于男性，受累半规管中后半规管型BPPV占绝大多数。梅尼埃病、偏头痛、高血压、高脂血症可能为BPPV复发的危险因素。

Clinical Characteristics and Outcome of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and outcome of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Methods A total of 1046 cases of BPPV who were diagnosed with BPPV and got cured by canalith repositioning maneuver (CRM) in the Beijing Tiantan Hospital of Capital Medical University from July 2009 to June 2015 were enrolled. All the patients were followed up since December 2015, with the aim of determining the outcomes. All data were analyzed and compared by using SPSS 22.0. Results①The prevalence of BPPV increased among women, with peak onset between 50 and 60 years of age and a female-to-male ratio of 2:1.②The recurrence rate of BPPV was 27.20%. According to Logistic regression multivariate analysis, recurrences were seen signiifcantly more often in patients with Meniere's disease (15.567 times,P<0.001), migraines (3.003 times,P<0.01), hypertension (1.554 times,P<0.05) and hyperlipidemia (1.457 times,P<0.05). Conclusion BPPV is commonly seen in mid-aged patients with women higher than men. PSC-BPPV was the majority. Meniere's disease, migraines, hypertension and hyperlipidemia might be the risk factors for BPPV recurrence.