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Analysis of alveolar PCO 2 control during the menstrual cycle

Authors:	Nariko Takano Akemi Sakai Yasuko Iida

Institution:	(1) Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa University, 920 Kanazawa, Japan;(2) Present address: Department of School Health, Faculty of Education, Kanazawa University, Marunouchi 1-1, 920 Kanazawa, Japan;(3) Present address: School of Paramedicine, Kanazawa University, 920 Kanazawa, Japan;(4) Present address: Department of Gynecology, Kanazawa University Hospital, 920 Kanazawa, Japan

Abstract:	We attempted to analyze how $P{\text{A}}_{{\text{CO}}_{\text{2}} }$ is regulated during progesterone-induced hyperventilation in the luteal phase. A model for the CO₂ control loop was constructed, in which the function of the CO₂ exchange system was described as $P_{A_{CO_2 } } = 0.863 \times \dot V_{CO_2 } /\dot V_A {\text{ }}(gain{\text{ }}H = dP_{A_{CO_2 } } /d\dot V_A )$ and that of the CO₂ sensing system as $\dot V_A {\text{ = }}S{\text{(}}P_{{\text{A}}_{{\text{CO}}_{\text{2}} } } - B{\text{)}}$ . Using this model, we estimated (1) the primary increase in $\dot V_A (\Delta \dot V_A (op))$ produced by progesterone stimulation and (2) the effectiveness (E) of the loop to regulateP _A _CO ₂, defined as P _A _CO ₂ (op)/P _A _CO ₂ (cl) in which op signifies open-loop and cl, closed-loop. These respiratory variables were investigated throughout the menstrual cycle in 8 healthy women. During the luteal phase, on average, $\dot V_A$ increased by 9.4% andP _A _CO ₂,B andH decreased by 0.33 kPa (2.5 mm Hg), 0.47 kPa (3.5 mm Hg) and 13.6%, respectively, whileS and $\dot V_{CO_2 }$ did not change significantly. $\Delta \dot V_A (op)$ (op) increased progressively on successive days of the luteal phase whileE remained unchanged at a value of 7.9, thus there was a progressive decrease inP _A _CO ₂. The decrease inH was considered to lessen P _A _CO ₂ (op) and so reduce the final deviation ofP _A _CO ₂ (P _A _CO ₂ (cl)) during the luteal phase. The decrease inB was found to be dependent on $\Delta \dot V_A (op)$ (op).

Keywords:	Menstrual cycle Progesterone Alveolar ventilation AlveolarP _CO ₂ control Ventilatory CO₂ response
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