社区糖尿病综合干预效果评价

目的调查安徽省铜陵市凤凰山区社区居民糖尿病患病率,糖尿病治疗现状;对确诊患者进行相关干预,提高对糖尿病知晓率、治疗率、控制率,减少并发症。方法于2011年7月至8月底按分层整群随机抽样方法,对凤凰山社区≥20岁居民进行横断面调查。共3 075例居民参加了问卷调查、体格检查及生化检测。针对确诊糖尿病及糖调节受损(IGR)患者进行随访干预平均10个月,记录资料,随访率95.4%。结果调查发现,糖尿病患病率、知晓率、治疗率、控制率分别为13.52%、78.2%、68.4%、51.6%,糖调节受损各率分别为15.15%、36.7%、8.6%、23.6%。通过科学干预10个月,糖尿病和糖调节受损分别为89.3%、86.5%、67.4%和76.4%、66.5%、61.2%,其中糖尿病的治疗率、控制率及糖调节受损各方面干预前后比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。糖尿病部分并发症明显减少,其中冠心病和肾功能不全干预前后比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);用药的合理性大大提高。结论糖尿病呈慢性进行性发展,并发症多,危害大,但可以通过科学干预,做到提高治疗率和控制率,减少或延缓并发症的发生发展。

Investigation of the prevalence of diabetes and effect of prevention and control in our community

Objective To study the survey of diabetes prevalence,the correlation of diabetes and hypertension,and diabetes treatment status in Phoenix Mountain Community.Methods According to the stratified cluster random sampling method,cross-sectional survey was carried out on the Phoenix Mountain Community residents aged 20 or more from July 2011 to August 2011.A total of 3075 residents took part in the questionnaire,and received physical examination and biochemical detection.Those with diagnosed diabetes and impaired glucose regulation(IGR) were treated and followed up regularly.Results The follow-up rate was 95.4%.The results revealed that diabetes prevalence,awareness,treatment and control rates were 13.52%,78.2%,68.4%,and 51.6% respectively;in the case of IGR the rates were 15.15%,36.7%,8.6%,and 23.6% respectively.After standardization diabetes and IGR prevalence was 11.86% and 14.92% respectively.Hypertension prevalence in patients with diabetes was 43.02%(χ2=4.457).On the other hand,diabetes prevalence in patients with hypertension was 23.13%(χ2= 8.717).Both were statistically significant compared to the ordinary people(P<0.05).After scientific intervention for 10 months,diabetes and IGR were 89.3%,86.5%,67.4% and 76.4%,66.5%,61.2% respectively.Complications,including coronary heart disease and renal insufficiency,were statistically reduced(P<0.05).The rationality of medicine use was greatly increased(P<0.05).Conclusion Diabetes is a chronic progressive desease with many complications.But through scientific intervention,applicable treatment and control,reducing or delaying the onset of complications can be achieved.