上海市已婚育龄人群孕前医学检查现状及需求

目的通过对早孕妇女的调查,了解和评价该人群中孕前医学检查服务的利用情况及相关需求等。方法对2011年4-6月在上海市部分社区卫生服务中心993名早孕建册的女性采用面对面问卷调查方式,了解其是否接受了孕前医学检查,如已接受服务,了解其对所接受服务的评价和进一步的需求;如未接受,则了解其中的原因和需求等。结果 1被调查人群的孕前医学检查率为27.0%;2接受孕前医学检查的人群整体学历水平较高,既往的婚检率较高;3对象接受孕前检查的主要目的是预防出生缺陷,更愿意选择在妇幼保健机构进行;4免费孕检等措施有一定的促进力度,但关键是自身的服务质量;5已经参加孕前检查的对象对服务基本满意,但认为检查机构在检查结果的解释和咨询等方面仍有待改进;6对孕前医学检查的宣传、推广和落实工作还远没有到位。结论对象以预防出生缺陷作为孕前检查的主要目的,其自身的保健意识是影响其是否参加孕前检查的主观因素。而检查的质量、服务态度等是影响其是否参加的客观因素。应依托妇幼保健机构和计生部门、社区等,加强宣传,开展优质的孕前医学检查服务。

Status and needs on pre-conception medical examination from married couples in Shanghai

Objectives To understand and evaluate the utilization and related needs on pre-conception medical examinationservices. Methods From April to June in 2011 in Shanghai, 993 women in first gestation who registered in the community healthcenters were given the questionnaire to inquire whether they accepted the pre-conception medical examination. If accepted, theirevaluations on service and further needs would be asked. If not accepted, the reasons and demand would be asked. Results （1）Pre-conception medical examination rate of surveyed population was 27. 0%. （2） Those who accepted the pre-conception medicalexamination had higher education level and higher premarital medical examination rate in the past. （3） Those accepted considered that the main function of pre-conception medical examination was prevention of birth defects. They preferred maternal and child healthinstitutions to offer this examination. （4） Free of charge policy and other relative measures can promote pre-conception medicalexamination to a certain degree, however, the quality of the services is more critical. （5）Those who had participated in pre-conceptionexamination were basically satisfied with the service, but suggested the improvement on the interpretation of test results andconsultation. （6） Publicity, promotion and implementation of the pre-conception medical examination is not sufficient. ConclusionPrevention of birth defects is the main purpose of pre-conception medical examination by married couples in Shanghai, their healthawareness is the subjective factors on whether to participate in the pre-pregnancy medical examination, and the service quality andattitude of providers are the objective factors. Maternal and child health institutions could take a lead to provide quality pre-conceptionmedical services.