儿童重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征听性脑干反应的临床研究

目的:探讨儿童重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的听性脑干反应(ABR)的特征。方法:对37例(74耳)重度OSAHS儿童(OSAHS组)进行ABR测试,并与20例(40耳)正常儿童(对照组)进行比较。结果:①OSAHS组患儿ABRⅠ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ波的潜伏期分别为(1.67±0.20)ms,(3.87±0.31)ms,(5.70±0.31)ms;对照组分别为(1.60±0.11)ms,(3.81±0.23)ms,(5.61±0.23)ms;2组比较,ABRⅠ波潜伏期的延长有统计学意义(P<0.05)。②OSAHS组Ⅰ～Ⅲ、Ⅲ～Ⅴ、Ⅰ～Ⅴ波间期分别为(2.19±0.19)ms,(1.82±0.22)ms,(4.01±0.22)ms;对照组分别为(2.26±0.15)ms,(1.73±0.21)ms,(4.05±0.23)ms;2组比较,Ⅲ～Ⅴ波间期的延长及Ⅰ～Ⅲ波间期的缩短有统计学意义(P<0.05)。③与对照组相比,OSAHS组波Ⅴ反应阈的提高有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:重度OSAHS患儿的ABR测试结果异常,提示OSAHS对耳蜗及听觉脑干的功能都存在影响。

Auditory brainstem response in severe obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome children

OBJECTIVE: To explore the characteristics of auditory brainstem response(ABR) in severe obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. METHOD: ABR was recorded in 37 severe OSAHS patients (OSAHS group) and 20 controls. RESULT: (1) In the OSAHS group, the latency values of waves I, III and V were (1.67+/-0.20) ms, (3.87+/-0.31) ms, (5.70+/-0.31) ms respectively. In the control group, the latency values of waves I, III and V were (1.60+/-0.11) ms, (3.81+/-0.23) ms, (5.61+/-0.23) ms respectively. A statistically significant prolongation was found in the latency values of waves I in OSAHS group compared to control group (P < 0.05). (2) When comparing to the control group, the transmission time between waves III and V was found to be prolonged and waves I and III to be shortened in the OSAHS group. Furthermore, the change was considered statistically significant (P <0.05). (3) A statistically significant elevation was found in response threshold of wave V when comparing to the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The pathological sleepiness seen in OSAHS patients may cause ABR abnormalities, as a consequence of the chronic hypoxic and hypercapnic status occurring in the brain-stem and cochlear.