A novel phenotypic expression associated with a new mutation in LMNA gene, characterized by partial lipodystrophy, insulin resistance, aortic stenosis and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy |
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Authors: | Araújo-Vilar David Lado-Abeal Joaquin Palos-Paz Fernando Lattanzi Giovanna Bandín Manuel A Bellido Diego Domínguez-Gerpe Lourdes Calvo Carlos Pérez Oscar Ramazanova Alia Martínez-Sánchez Noelia Victoria Berta Costa-Freitas Ana Teresa |
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Institution: | Thyroid and Metabolic Diseases Unit (UETeM), Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain,;IGM-CNR Unit of Bologna c/o IOR, Bologna, Italy,;Division of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain,;Division of Endocrinology, Hospital Arquitecto Marcide, O Ferrol, Spain and;Unit of Hypertension and Vascular Risk, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínico de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain |
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Abstract: | Background Lipodystrophies are a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by abnormal fat distribution. Familial partial lipodystrophy 2 (FPLD2) is due to mutations in the LMNA gene. Previous studies have suggested that LMNA mutations 5′ to the nuclear localization signal (NLS) are more likely to underlie laminopathies with cardiac or skeletal muscle involvement, while mutations 3′ to the NLS are more likely to underlie lipodystrophy and progeroid syndromes. Objective To study the clinical and molecular features of a subject with FPLD. Subjects and methods We carried out mutational analysis of LMNA gene in a woman with FPLD phenotype and in her relatives. Insulin resistance was evaluated by minimal model. Body composition was evaluated by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Echocardiography was done in affected subjects. 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes were transfected with wild‐type or mutant prelamin A constructs. In transfected cells, lamin A was detected using a Cy3‐conjugated monoclonal anti‐FLAG antibody. Results The patient showed atypical fat distribution, insulin resistance, severe aortic stenosis and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. She has an affected 11‐year‐old son, not yet lipodystrophic but with an incipient aortic disease. LMNA sequencing showed that mother and son were both heterozygous for a novel c.1772G > T missense mutation in exon 11, which causes the substitution of the cysteine at residue 591 by a phenylalanine (C591F). In mouse preadipocytes transfected with the mutant human LMNA gene, the mutant lamin A isoform was mislocated in the nucleus. Conclusions This patient shows a novel clinical form of FPLD2, due to a mutation affecting lamin A only, with cardiac involvement. |
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