二叶主动脉瓣的超声分析

目的 探讨二叶主动脉瓣的超声心动图特征。方法 采用回顾性方法分析了26例先天性二叶主动脉瓣，其中主动脉瓣狭窄17例（有或无主动脉瓣关闭不全）和单纯主动脉瓣关闭不全9例。结果 在主动脉瓣狭窄组、轻度狭窄14例（82％）；二叶主动脉瓣感染性心内膜炎的发生率为42％；主动脉瓣狭窄组与单纯主动脉瓣反流组相比，主动脉瓣增厚钙化有极显性差异（P＜0．00005），结果表明，二叶主动脉瓣狭窄的发生与主动脉瓣的增厚钙化有关，且主动脉瓣狭窄多为轻度狭窄。结论：二叶主动脉瓣狭窄的发生与主动脉瓣的增厚钙化有关，且主动脉瓣狭窄多为轻度狭窄。二叶主动脉瓣感染性心内膜炎的发生率较高。彩色多普勒二维超声心动图对二叶主动脉瓣的诊断具有重要价值。

Echocardiographic features of conginital bicuspid aortic valve

Objective　To understand the echocardiographic features in patients with congenital bicuspid aortic valve. Methods　26 patients with congenital bicuspid aortic valve were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were classified into two groups: group Ⅰ(n=17), aortic stenosis with or without aortic insufficiency, and group Ⅱ(n=9), isolated aortic insufficiency.Results　 Group Ⅰ had 82% of patients with mild aortic stenosis. 42% of patients with congenital bicuspid aortic valve had infective endocarditis. The thicking and calcification of aortic valves were significantly high (P＜0.000 05 ，Group Ⅰvs Group Ⅱ). Conclusion　congenital bicuspid aortic stinosis relates to the thicking and calcification of aortic valves, and most of patients with congenital bicuspid aortic stinosis have mild stenosis. The incidence of infective endocarditis is relatively high. Color Doppler echocardiography is of great value in diagnosing congenital bicuspid aortic valve.