北京市灵山地区鼠类种群特征的调查研究

目的研究北京市灵山地区鼠类种群特征。方法采用夹夜法，按不同海拔高度调查灵山地区鼠类，对生态学资料进行数据分析。结果在灵山地区共捕获鼠类12种286只，其中800～1100m底部灌木丛中捕获鼠类5种81只，捕获率9．02％；中部1400-1700m次生林中捕获鼠类11种74只，捕获率10．26％；2000-2300m顶部亚高山草甸中捕获鼠类7种131只，捕获率14．69％。次生林鼠类群落的生物量最高，为484．88；亚高山草甸次之，为467．77；灌木丛最低，为439．36。北社鼠与黑线姬鼠的肥满度在次生林中最高，分别为2．58和3．12；大林姬鼠的肥满度在灌木丛中最高，为3．51。不同海拔生境中不同鼠种的生物量、肥满度、性比各有其特点和差异。结论北京市灵山地区生物量与肥满度较高，其中与人类疾病密切相关的北社鼠、黑线姬鼠和大林姬鼠是今后鼠防工作的重点。

Study on the character of rodent community in Lingshan mountain in Beijing

Objective Study on the character of rodent community in Lingshan mountain in Mentougou. Methods The night trap method was used to investigate the quantity of rodent community by altitude, and the ecological data was analyzed.Results There were 12 species, 286 rodents captured in Lingshan mountain, 81 rodent of 5 species were captured in the bottom shrub habitat and the capture rate was 9.02%. In the middle secondary forest habitat, it was abundant by 11 species, 74 rodent and the capture rate was 10.26%. In the top subalpine meadow habitat, 131 rodents of 7 species were captured and the capture rate was 14.69%. The biomass of rodent community was the highest in the secondary forest habitat with the value of 484.88. The top was second with the value of 467.77. The bottom was the lowest with 439.36. Relative fatness of Niniventer confucianus and Apodemus agrarius were highest in the secondary forest habitat with 2.58 and 3.12. Relative fatness ofA. peninsulae was the highest in the shrub habitat with 3.51. The different rodent' s biomass, relative fatness and sex ratio had their own characteristics and were different at different altitude of living environment. Conclusion The biomass and relative fatness were more abundant in Lingshan mountain area. N. confucianus, A. agrarius and A. peninsulae were the emphasis of rodent control in the future, which were closely correlate to human diseases.