扩展型胸大肌肌皮瓣的外科解剖

胸肩前区的血供主要来自胸肩峰动脉,该动脉发出三角肌支、胸肌支和锁骨支,均有分支至胸大肌。其中94％的三角肌支发出一个外径平均1.22mm的皮支—胸肩峰皮支,分布于三角肌前部、锁骨下窝和胸大肌上部的皮区,面积平均80.63cm~2,以胸肩峰动脉或其三角肌支为蒂,可设计一个含胸肩峰皮支轴型皮瓣的扩展型胸大肌肌皮瓣。

Surgical Anatomy of Extended Pectoralis Major Myocutaneous Flap

The vessels and nerves in the pectoacromial region were dissected under an operative microscope on 50 human specimens. The main blood supply of this region comes from the thoracoacromial artery. Its deltoid, pectoral, and clavicular branches all have secondary branches to the pectoralis major. In 94% of the cases, the .deltoid branch sends out a cutaneous branch known as the thoracoacromial cutaneous branch. Its external caliber is 1.22mm in average and it distributes over the cutaneous region covering the anterior portion of the del-toideus, the subclavian fossa, and the upper portion of the pectoralis major with an average area of 80.63cm2.An extended pectoralis major myocutaneous flap can be designed taking the thoracoacromial artery or its deltoid branch as its pedicle. This myocutaneous flap can contain an axial skin flap supplied by the thoracoacromial cutaneous branch.