提前应用替罗非班对急性ST段抬高心肌梗死患者急诊介入治疗疗效的影响

目的通过随机对比分析,探讨急性ST段抬高心肌梗死(STEMI)患者急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)时,提前应用血小板糖蛋白(GP)Ⅱb/Ⅲa受体拮抗剂替罗非班是否安全,以及能否进一步改善急诊PCI疗效。方法2005年4月至2006年4月,160例拟诊急性STEMI的患者接受急诊PCI时联合应用替罗非班,最终158例患者纳入研究,其中男性117例,女性41例,平均年龄58.8±25.2岁(36～78岁)。将患者随机分为两组,第一组共80例,在急诊冠状动脉造影结束后开始应用为常规使用组,第二组78例,在获取知情同意后在急诊室即开始应用者为早期使用组。比较两组间的基础临床状况、术前梗死相关血管前向血流情况,术后血流情况以及出血事件与近期心血管事件。结果两组基础临床情况差异无统计学意义,早期使用组提前39.8min应用替罗非班。早期组术前IRA前向血流达到TIMI2～3级的比率高于常规组(分别为39.7%和23.8%,P=0.040),其中达到TIMI3级的比率亦显著高于常规组(分别为23.1%和10.0%,P=0.032)。两组术后TIMI3级获得率,校正的TIMI计帧数和Blush3级获得率差异无统计学意义。两组近期主要心血管事件发生率、出血事件与血小板减少症发生率差异无统计学意义。结论急性STEMI患者急诊PCI前提前应用替罗非班是安全的,虽然术后造影结果和临床预后并没有明显改善,但是提前应用替罗非班可以提高PCI前的梗死相关血管前向血流。需要设计更大的样本量,更早的应用时机和合适的较大剂量提前应用替罗非班进一步深入研究。

Effect of pre-angiography use of tirofiban in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction treated by primary percutaneous coronary intervention

OBJECTIVE: To observe the safety and efficiency of ultra-early glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor blockade tirofiban use in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated by primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS: From April 2005 to April 2006, 158 consecutive AMI patients (117 males, mean age of 58.8 +/- 25.2 years) were randomly received tirofiban (10 microg/kg bolus i.v. followed by 0.15 microgxkg(-1)xmin(-1) for 36 hours) before PCI in emergency room (early, n = 78) or immediately before PCI in catheterization lab (late, n = 80). Clinical and angiographic features between 2 groups before and after PCI were analyzed. RESULTS: Baseline clinical characteristics before PCI were similar between the two groups. Tirofiban was administered 39.8 minutes earlier in early group than that in the late group. The TIMI 3 flow rate (23.1% vs. 10.0%, P = 0.032) and the combined TIMI 2 or 3 flow rate (39.7% vs. 23.8%, P = 0.040) at initial angiography before PCI were significantly higher in early group than that in late group. However, TIMI 3 flow rate, myocardial Blush grade or corrected TIMI frames immediately after PCI were similar between the groups. The combined incidence of death or recurrent MI as well as bleeding complications or thrombocytopenia rate during early follow-up were similar between the groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Early initiation of tirofiban in patients with acute STEMI treated by primary PCI was safe. A better patency (TIMI 3 and TIMI 2-3 flow) in infarct related artery was obtained in patients with early tirofiban administration.