上颌后部截骨术相关应用解剖

目的 探讨上颌后区的解剖为临床上颌截骨提供依据。方法 选择３０具干燥成人头颅标本，通过直接测量及计算机数字化仪进行分析。结果 翼上颌联合骨性融合占１０％；翼上颌联合的高度翼上颌联合下点至上颌结节最下点的高度分别为１３．１５ｍｍ和５．２５ｍｍ；翼上颌联合上点至上颌结节下点的高度平均为１８．０５ｍｍ；颧牙槽嵴至翼上颌联合的距离平均为２５．４７ｍｍ；翼突的宽度平均为１２．３４ｍｍ；梨状孔边缘至翼腭管的距

Anatomy in relation to posterior maxillary osteotomy

OBJECTIVE: The most common site of haemorrhage in maxillary osteotomies is the posterior maxilla. Better understanding of the anatomy of this region would minimize possible vascular complications. The aim of this study is to investigate the anatomy of posterior maxilla and establish safety guidelines for Le Fort I osteotomy. METHOD: Thirty dry human skulls were selected for direct measurement and computerized image analysis. RESULTS: Synosteosis of the pterygomaxillary junction was noted in 10% of the samples. The height of the pterygomaxillary junction was 13.15 mm. The height from the inferior point of the pterygomaxillary junction to the inferior point of the maxillary tuberosity was 5.25 mm. The height from the superior point of the pterygomaxillary junction to the inferior point of the maxillary tuberrosity was 18.05 mm. The average distance from the piriform rim to the descending palatine canal was 35.25 mm. The width of the pterygoid process was 12.34 mm. The average length from the zygo-alveolar ridge to the pterygomaxillary junction was 25.47 mm. The average length from anterior nasal spine to the posterior nasal spine was 46.27 mm, and the angle between the descending palatine canal and the palate plane was 58 degrees 47'. CONCLUSIONS: The study is to provide further understanding of the posterior maxillary anatomy in relation to the bone-cut design of Le fort I osteotomy and to create clinical safety guidelines in order to avoid damaging the descending palatine vessels.