某院2014年医院感染现患率调查与分析

目的：了解该院2014年医院感染现患率、感染部位、病原体种类、细菌耐药及抗菌药物使用等情况。方法采用床旁调查与查阅电子病历结合印证的方法，调查分析2014年9月20日0：00～24：00所有住院患者的临床资料。结果该院2014年医院感染现患率为5．16％（102／1978），例次感染率为5．41％（107／1978）。病原体以革兰阴性菌为主，占64．10％（25／39），排名前5位病原菌分别为金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、大肠埃希菌。抗菌药物使用率为31．60％（625／1978），病原菌送检率为55．52％（347／625）。结论现患率调查可在短期内了解医院感染现状，分析高危科室、高危因素、高危感染部位，为开展目标性监测和制定相应的防控措施提供依据，以有效控制医院感染。

Investigation and analysis of prevalence rates of nosocomial infection in 2014

Objective To investigate prevalence rates of nosocomial infection (NI) ,infection sites ,pathogen species ,situation of antibiotic resistance and usage of antibiotics in the hospital in 2014 .Methods We adopted the means of bedside investigation com‐bined with consulting electronic medical records to investigate all the inpatients during 0 :00 -24 :00 Sep .20th 2014 .Results The prevalence rate of NI was 5 .16% (102/1 978) ,and case‐time prevalence rate was 5 .41% (107/1 978) .The gram‐negative bacteria was the main pathogens which accounted for 64 .10% ,and the top five pathogenic bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus ,Klebsiella pneumoniae ,Pseudomonas aeruginosa ,Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli in sequence .The utilization rate of antibiotics was 31 .60 % ,and the submission rate of bacterial culture was 55 .52% .Conclusion The investigation of prevalence rates is a great manner to acquire current situation of NI within a short period so as to analysis high risk departments ,high risk factors ,high risk sites ,and provide evidences for us to carry out targeted monitoring and propose measure to prevent and control NI effectively .