舟山市健康人群麻疹、风疹、流行性腮腺炎和水痘抗体水平监测

目的：了解舟山市健康人群麻疹、风疹、腮腺炎和水痘的抗体水平，为制定相关免疫策略提供依据。方法选择舟山市健康人群，分为0～4、5～9、10～14、15～19、20～29、30～39、40～49、50~60岁8个年龄组，每个年龄组收集血清200份以上，使用ELISA法检测麻疹、风疹、腮腺炎和水痘IgG抗体，并计算其抗体阳性率和几何平均浓度（GMC）。结果麻疹和风疹的全人群抗体阳性率为分别为88.56%和81.61%，40～49岁组抗体阳性率最低，分别为80.75%和72.75%，不同年龄组间麻疹抗体阳性率﹑GMC 值和保护性抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ2=42.696﹑F=41.341和χ2=179.160，P 均<0.01）；流行性腮腺炎全人群的抗体阳性率为88.77%，10～14岁组的抗体阳性率和 GMC 值最低71.18%和200.51 U/mL；水痘全人群的抗体阳性率为82.24%，0～4岁组抗体阳性率和GMC值最低，分别为52.51%和82.72 mIU/mL。结论麻疹和风疹的免疫水平总体较高，但中年人群的免疫水平偏低，10～14岁儿童流行性腮腺炎的免疫水平不高。水痘免疫水平明显低于其他三种疾病，建议加强对水痘疫苗的宣传。

Monitoring of measles,rubella, mumps and varicella antibody levels in healthy people in Zhoushan

Objective To understand the immunization status of measles, rubella, mumps and varicella in healthy population in Zhoushan, and to provide the basis for immunization strategy. Methods Normal people in Zhoushan were divided into 8 age groups (0-4,5-9,10-14,15-19,20-29,30-39,40-49 and 50-60 years old), and over 200 serum samples were chosen for each age group. The IgG antibody of measles, rubella, mumps and varicella were detected by ELISA, and the positive rates and geometric mean concentration(GMC)of antibody were calculated. Results The total antibody positive rates of measles and rubella in total population were 88.56% and 81.61%, and the total antibody positive rates in 40-49 age group were both the lowest (80.75%and 72.75%). The differences of measles IgG antibody positive rates, GMCs and protective antibody positive rates in each age group had statistical significance (χ2=42.696, F=41.341, χ2=179.160, P all <0.01). The total antibody positive rate of mumps was 88.77%, and the total antibody positive rate and GMC in 10-14 age group were both the lowest (71.18% and 200.51 U/mL). The total antibody positive rate of varicella was 82.24%, and the total antibody positive rate and GMC in 0-4 age group were both the lowest (52.51% and 82.72 mIU/mL). Conclusions In Zhoushan area, the immunity levels of measles and rubella are relatively high, but the levels in middle-aged population are low. The immunity level of mumps in 10-14 age is relatively low. It is necessary to propagandize the varicella vaccine according to the lower immunity level compared with other 3 diseases.