基质金属蛋白酶9在正常及病理妊娠中的作用

基质金属蛋白酶(MMPs)是一种分解细胞外基质(ECM)组分的锌依赖性蛋白酶,其活性受金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂(TIMPs)的抑制。MMPs通过降解ECM参与众多组织重塑过程。妊娠过程的顺利进行有赖于滋养细胞侵入子宫内膜并将胚胎植入宫腔内,通过侵入血管内皮使血管重塑,满足胎盘血流供应。MMP-9通过发挥蛋白酶的功能降解ECM,在滋养细胞侵入、胎盘血管重塑以及分娩过程中发挥重要作用。MMP-9与其抑制剂TIMP-1调节失衡与早期自然流产、早产、妊娠期高血压疾病、妊娠期糖尿病等病理妊娠过程有关。综述MMP-9在正常及病理妊娠中的研究进展,明确ECM蛋白酶领域的最新知识将有利于为干预病理妊娠过程提供创新性思路。

The Role of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in Normal and Pathologic Pregnancies

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc proteinases that degrade compounds of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which are inhibited by their natural inhibitors, tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs). MMPs involve in many processes of tissue remolding through degrade ECM. A successful pregnancy depends on trophoblastic invasion of endometrial and implant embryo into uterus, through invasive vascular endothelial to make the vascular remodeling and meet the placental blood supply. MMP-9 plays an important role in trophoblast invasion, placental vascular remodeling and delivery through playing protease function and degrading ECM. The imbalance between MMP-9 and its inhibitor TIMP-1 relates to many pathological pregnancy processes, such as spontaneous abortion, preterm labour, hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus. This article summarizes the role of MMP-9 in normal pregnancy and pathologic pregnancy. The current knowledge in the field of identified ECM proteases will be contributive to the innovative therapeutic intervention in pathological pregnancy processes.