谷氨酸在维持或损害记忆中的双向调节作用

背景 适当激动谷氨酸受体(glutamate receptor,GluR)是学习记忆所必须的,然而过度激动GluR则会在海马区域内产生病理性的长时程增强效应,严重者会出现兴奋性毒性(excitotoxicity,EAA)反应,诱发神经元损伤,导致认知障碍.目的 探讨谷氨酸(glutamate,Glu)对记忆的双向调节作用.内容 综述Glu的含量、生理和调节机制、GluR的种类和结构特点、Glu维持记忆的机制及其参与EAA反应进而损害记忆的过程.趋向 神经系统正常运作需要Glu的浓度和GluR活性均处于适宜水平.

Two-way regulation of glutamate in the process of maintaining or damaging on the memory

Background Proper activation of glutamate receptor (GluR) is necessary for learning and memory.Excessive activation of GluR will have a pathological long-term potentiation (LTP) in hippocampus area and even appear excitotoxicity(EAA) and neuronal damage which can lead to cognitive impairment.Objective To investigate the effect of glutamate (Glu) on the memory in two-way adjustment.Content This paper reviewed the application of the content, physiological function, and regulative mechanism of Glu, the species and structure characteristics of GluR, the mechanism that Glu involved in the maintenance of memory, and the process that Glu involved in the excitatory toxicity.Trend Both concentration and GluR activity of Glu in the appropriate level is important to the normal operation of nervous system.