246例老年患者医院感染分析及对策

目的 探讨老年病科医院感染特点及防治措施.方法 采用前瞻性监测和回顾性调查方法,对医院2004年1月-2008年12月老年科住院患者医院感染病例进行分析.结果 医院感染发生率6.82%;最常见感染部位是下呼吸道占55.69%;基础疾病脑卒中医院感染率最高,占25.20%;年龄越大、住院时间越长,医院感染率越高;≥90岁发生率13.04%,住院>60 d发生率43.51%.结论 老年病医院感染危险因素较多,必须加强监测,严格消毒隔离及无菌操作,限制侵入性操作,合理使用抗菌药物,积极治疗原发病,才能有效降低老年患者医院感染的发生.

Hospital Infections among 246 Elderly Patients:Analysis and Countermeasures

OBJECTIVE To discuss the characteristics of hospital infection among elderly patients and its prevention and countermeasures. METHODS Based on prospective and retrospective investigation methods the hospital infection cases among elderly inpatienta from Jan 2004 to Dec 2008 were analyzed. RESULTS The incidence of hospital infection was 6.82%. The most common sites was the lower respiratory tract, accounted for 55.69%. Among underlying diseases the stroke was with the highest hospital infection rate (25.20%). The older the age the incidence among >90 years old patients was 13.04%. The longer the hospitalization time the incidence among inpatients longer than 60d was 43.51%, the higher was the hospital infection rate. CONCLUSIONS There are many risk factors inducing hospital infections among elderly, there fore the monitoring must be strengthened, and the disinfection isolation and asepsis must be strictly conducted, with limited invasive manipulations, reasonable use of antibiotics, and active treatment of the primary affection, all above can effectively reduce the occurrence of hospital infection among ellerly patients.