Social Distancing,Mask Use,and Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, Brazil,April–June 2020 |
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Authors: | Marcelo Rodrigues Gonç alves,Rodrigo Citton Padilha dos Reis,Rodrigo Pedroso Tó lio,Lucia Campos Pellanda,Maria Inê s Schmidt,Natan Katz,Sotero Serrate Mengue,Pedro C. Hallal,Bernardo L. Horta,Mariangela Freitas Silveira,Roberto Nunes Umpierre,Cynthia Goulart Bastos-Molina,Rodolfo Souza da Silva,Bruce B. Duncan |
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Abstract: | We assessed the associations of social distancing and mask use with symptomatic, laboratory-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in Porto Alegre, Brazil. We conducted a population-based case-control study during April–June 2020. Municipal authorities furnished case-patients, and controls were taken from representative household surveys. In adjusted logistic regression analyses of 271 case-patients and 1,396 controls, those reporting moderate to greatest adherence to social distancing had 59% (odds ratio [OR] 0.41, 95% CI 0.24–0.70) to 75% (OR 0.25, 95% CI 0.15–0.42) lower odds of infection. Lesser out-of-household exposure (vs. going out every day all day) reduced odds from 52% (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.29–0.77) to 75% (OR 0.25, 95% CI 0.18–0.36). Mask use reduced odds of infection by 87% (OR 0.13, 95% CI 0.04–0.36). In conclusion, social distancing and mask use while outside the house provided major protection against symptomatic infection. |
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Keywords: | communicable disease control masks pandemics social distance social isolation COVID-19 coronavirus disease SARS-CoV-2 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 viruses respiratory infections zoonoses |
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