重症流行性乙型脑炎医院感染调查

本次采用回顾性调查方法,对我院1975～1989年,收治的乙脑病人的病历进行分析,结果表明医院感染率为59.5％,感染常见部位下呼吸道为49.4％,气管切开伤口为28.4％,绿脓杆菌感染占57.1％,大肠杆菌占12.7％。重症乙脑病人气管切开后失去了上呼吸道的防御功能,加之绿脓杆菌、大肠杆菌在医院的环境中广泛存在,可经医护人员的手、器械等传播。因此,必须做好对病房、用具、器械的消毒,感染患者严格隔离,加强护理,严格执行无菌操作。对病人细菌谱作药敏监测,以便合理使用抗生素。

A Survey on the Nosocomial Infection in Severe Epidemic Encephalitis B Patients

A retrospective survey made on the case historyof all encephalitis B patients treated during 1975 to1989 in You An Hospital was reported. A nosocomialinfection rate of 59.5% was found for the overall 79cases with the lower respiratory tract and tracheotomyopening as the main sites of infection (the two countfor 49.4% and 28.4% of all infection casesrespectively). Bacillus Pyocyaneus and E. Coli werefound to be the most important infection causing bac-teria (the two are responsible for 57.1% and 12.7% ofall infection cacases respectively), while tracheotomy and the use of biomotor the most important risk fac-tors. To check the infection, the measures such asstrict strilization, isolation, strengthened nursing aswell as proper use of antibiotics are recommended.