早期不明原因反复自然流产发生与蜕膜中免疫细胞的研究进展

人类妊娠被认为是一种半同种异体抗原移植，母胎间存在着某种免疫耐受机制来维持妊娠的进行，但目前为止这种免疫耐受机制尚不明确。大量的研究发现不明原因反复自然流产患者蜕膜中调节性T细胞的数量和功能均显著降低，表明调节性T细胞在避免胎儿免疫排斥中发挥着重要的作用。同时NK细胞作为早期妊娠蜕膜中的优势淋巴细胞亦对妊娠的维持起着重要的作用，不明原因反复自然流产患者蜕膜NK细胞数量和活性比正常妊娠妇女明显升高，同时CD56^＋CD16^＋／CD56^＋CD16^-NK细胞比例失衡。由此可见，妊娠早期不明原因反复自然流产的发生与蜕膜中淋巴细胞的异常表达相关，通过对这种复杂机制的研究可以为不明原因反复自然流产的预防和治疗提供依据。

Progress in primary unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion associated with expression of immunocyte in decidua

Human pregnancy represents a situation of semiallografl to maternal host,it has been reported that tolerance to the fetal allograft represents a mechanism for maintaining a pregnancy.But the mechanisms underlying tolerance during pregnancy are poorly understood.Many studies have indicated that T regulatory cells play a crucial role in avoiding immunological rejection of the fetus after abserving diminished number and function of Treg in patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion.NK cells as the dominant lymphocyte in decidua during primary pregnancy are also important for maintaining a pregnancy.It has been found that the quantity and activity of NK cell in decidua of women with URSA is much higher than those women with successfully pregnancy outcomes,simultaneity,the ratio of CD56 CD16 /CD56 CD16-NK cell disbalanced.Therefore primary unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion is associated with abnormal expression of the lymphocytes in decidua.Understanding the complex mechanisms has important implications for prevention and treatment of unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion.