Survey of deaths in hong kong attributed to tuberculosis during a five-year period |
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| Affiliation: | 1. University Teaching Hospital, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Lusaka, Zambia;2. Ministry of Home Affairs, Office of the State Forensic Pathologist, Lusaka, Zambia;4. UNZA-UCLMS, PANDORA-ID-NET and HERPEZ R&D Program, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia;5. Fondation Congolaise pour la Recherche Médicale (FCRM), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University Marien Ngouabi, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo;1. Department of Public Health, National TB and Leprosy Programme, Ministry of Health, P.O Box 30205, Lusaka, Zambia;2. National TB and Leprosy Programme, Ministry of Health-Zambia;3. PATH-Eradicate TB Project;4. Ministry of Health, Provincial Health Office-Southern Province-Zambia;5. Ministry of Health, Provincial Health Office-Central Province-Zambia;6. National Public Health Institute, Ministry of Health, Lusaka, Zambia.;7. Ministry of Health, Lusaka, Zambia.;8. Ministry of Home Affairs, Office of the State Forensic Pathologist, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia.;9. Division of Infection and Immunity, Center for Clinical Microbiology, University College London, and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.;10. Lusaka Apex Medical University, Faculty of Medicine, Lusaka, Zambia;11. UNZA-UCLMS Research and Training Program, UTH, Lusaka, Zambia;1. Institute for Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark; European Travel Medicine Network, Méditerranée Infection Foundation, Marseille, France;2. Directorate General for Disease Surveillance and Control, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 393, 100, Muscat, Oman;3. Department of Medicine, Therapeutics, Dermatology and Psychiatry, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya and Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom;4. Istituto Nazionale per le Malattie Infettive: L. Spallanzani IRCCS Rome, Italy;5. The National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases under the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia;6. Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark;7. Ministry of Home Affairs, Office of the State Forensic Pathologist, and PANDORA-ID-NET Pathogenesis Group, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia;8. Directorate General for Disease Surveillance and Control, Ministry of Health, Sultanate of Oman;9. Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana;10. Ministry of Health, Lusaka, Zambia;11. Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;12. National TB and Leprosy Programme, Ministry Of Health, Lusaka, Zambia;13. Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal; Medizinische Klinik, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany;14. Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom;15. Fondation Congolaise pour la Recherche Médicale (FCRM), Brazzaville, Republic of Congo; Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University Marien Ngouabi, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo; University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany;16. Servizio di Epidemiologia Clinica delle Malattie Respiratorie, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Tradate, Italy;17. Division of Infection and Immunity, Center for Clinical Microbiology, University College London, and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom |
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| Abstract: | For the 12-month period from September 1st 1975 to August 31st 1976, and for the years 1979 and 1980, records were obtained for patients certified on part I of the death certificate as having died from tuberculosis in Hong Kong. In addition, records were obtained for patients in whom tuberculosis was a contributory cause of death (part 11 certifications) in 1979 and in 1980. The records for each survey were reviewed by an independent assessor. In the assessor's opinion, the diagnosis of tuberculosis was adequately established in 93%, 92%, and 92% of the patients in the 3 periods respectively, but among the part I certifications tuberculosis had in fact been the direct cause of death in only 74%, 78%, and 76%, active disease being the cause in 53%, 48% and 42%, and the late results of previous disease, inactive at the time of death, in 21%, 30% and 35%, respectively. Among the part II certifications, 39% in 1979 and 45% in 1980 should have been part I certifications, and only 32% and 24% respectively had been correctly certified in part II.If all the patients certified in part I had really died from tuberculosis, the death rates would have been 13.1 per 100 000 population in 1975/76, 9.7 in 1979, and 10.3 in 1980. According to the assessor's classification these should have been 9.7, 7.5, and 7.9 respectively, the rates from active disease declining from 6.9 in 1975/76, to 4.6 in 1979, and 4.3 in 1980. Among both part I and part II certifications there was a marked preponderance of males, and the death rates were particularly high in patients of both sexes aged 55 years or over. |
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