安徽省临泉县艾滋病社区关爱体系调查研究

目的了解皖北农村地区艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)病人及其亲属的生活质量和社会支持现状,分析其相关的影响因素。同时了解当地各阶层健康居民关于艾滋病的相关知识、态度、行为(KAP)。方法通过典型抽样法对85名HIV感染者和病人及65名HIV感染者和病人家属进行调查,经分层抽样方法对519名社会各阶层健康居民进行调查。结果不同性别、不同文化程度的HIV感染者和病人及其家属生活质量评分差异有显著的统计学意义(P<0.05);不同乡镇的HIV感染者和病人社会支持评分差异有显著的统计学意义(P<0.05)。负性生活事件是影响HIV感染者和病人及其家属社会支持的不利因素,而好的邻里关系、烦恼诉说是影响HIV感染者和病人生活质量的有利因素。KAP调查中,有76.3%的人没有帮助过艾滋病患者,11.3%的人不愿意长期援助艾滋病患者,42.4%的人则看情况。结论诸多因素在不同层面影响皖北农村地区HIV感染者和病人及其亲属的生活质量和社会支持,我国农村现有的艾滋病社区关爱、社会支持工作还亟需加大力度。

Study of community care for people living with HIV/AIDS in Linquan county of Anhui province

Objective To explore quality of life and social support for people living with HIV/AIDS,analyze related factors and understand KAP among local healthy inhabitants.Methods Eighty five people living with HIV/AIDS and sixty five family members were selected using typical sampling and 519 local healthy inhabitants were selected using stratified sampling.Results People living with HIV/AIDS and their family members with different genders and different cultural backgrounds had statistically significant differences in GQOLI-74 scores(P<0.05),and those living in different villages had statistically significant difference in SSS scores(P<0.05).Negative life events had unfavorable impacts on social support(P<0.05) to people living with HIV/AIDS and their family members,while the harmonious neighborhoods and chances to pouring out their feelings were positive factors to help to improve quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS and their family members(P<0.05).Our KAP survey showed that 76.3% of the interviewees had never given support to PLWHA,11.3% were reluctant to help them,and 42.4% took a "wait and see" attitude.Conclusion Many factors might affect quality of life and social support to people living with HIV/AIDS and their family members in rural areas of northern Anhui,and the community care and social support to people living with HIV/AIDS remain to be substantially enhanced in this country.