事故倾性儿童伤害危险因素分析

目的探讨事故倾性儿童伤害的危险因素,为预防儿童伤害进行针对性的安全教育提供科学依据。方法在银川市先按市区和郊区分层,再以学校为单位,每个市/区抽取小学、初中和高中各2所,在抽中学校的每个年级中随机抽取1个班级的全部学生共7 102名进行调查。通过单因素分析及多因素非条件Logistic回归分析筛查危险因素。结果事故倾性儿童的检出率为3.6%。单因素分析显示,年龄、母亲文化程度、是否独生子女、家庭类型、家庭人口数、监护人健康状况、发现危险行为时制止方式、监护人教育方式等因素对儿童事故倾性的影响有统计学意义。多因素分析显示相对于参比变量城乡类别(城区OR=2.438)、学段(小学OR=3.518,初中OR=1.272)是危险因素,相对于参比变量地区(兴庆区OR=0.746,金凤区OR=0.166,西夏区OR=0.659,贺兰地区OR=0.462)、民族(汉族OR=0.366,回族OR=0.583)、母亲月收入(<2 000元OR=0.5372,000元～OR=0.997)、家庭地理位置(市区OR=0.377,郊区OR=0.734,农村OR=0.364)是保护因素。结论事故倾性儿童伤害的发生与家庭环境有一定关系,是多因素相互作用的结果。

Study on the risk factors of accident proneness children

Objective To explore family and environmental risk factors of accident-prone children from family and to provide intervention measures for the prevention.Methods We investigated the injury occurrence and variety among 7 102 primary and secondary school children from 144 classes in 36 different schools in three districts including Xingqing,Jinfeng,Xixia,Helan,Lingwu and Yongning in urban Yinchuan.We used multiple stage sampling method in this investigation all the time.The risk factors were screened by Logistic regression analysis of single factor and non-conditional Logistic regression analysis of multiple factors.Results The occurrence of the accident-prone children was 3.6%,univariate analysis showed that age,education level of mothers,whether child,family type,number of household members,guardians,health,find ways to stop dangerous behavior,guardian education were statistically significant,multivariate analysis showed that variable relative to the reference category of urban and rural(urban OR=2.438),learning stage(primary OR=3.518,junior high school OR=1.272) were risk factors,relative to the reference variable urban(OR=0.746 Xingqing District,Jinfeng District,OR=0.166,Xixia OR=0.659,Helan region OR=0.462),ethnic(Han OR=0.366,Hui OR=0.583),mothers’ monthly income(<2 000 yuan OR=0.537,more than 2 000 yuan OR=0.997),home location.Conclusion The incidence happening of accident proneness children relates to their family environment.It is the result of the interaction of multiple factors.