中国优秀运动员血清锌、铜水平的研究

为研究参加系统训练运动员冬春两季的血清锌、铜水平的变化及影响因素,作者对9个运动项目360名优秀运动员测定了血清锌、铜水平。结果表明:运动员在冬训期的血清锌水平偏低、血清铜水平偏高,18岁以下的运动员血清铜低于成年运动员。25名优秀运动员冬春两季血清锌、铜水平配对T检验的数据表明,女运动员在冬季时的血清锌远低于春季时的水平。本文数据为运动员微量元素的合理补充提供了依据。

STUDY ON SERUM ZINC AND COPPER LEVELS OF ELITE CHINESE ATHLETES

In order to provide scientific data useful in determining the dietary RDA of Zn and Cu forChinese athletes, we studied the serum Zn and Cu levels and some of their affecting factors of 360elite Chinese athletes in the spring and the winter training during 1983-1984. 55 medical collegestudents served as controls. The effects of different exercise loads on serum Zn and Cu were studiesas well. HCT and Hb levels were examined to correct the plasma volume changes induced by exercises.The GGX-1 type of atomic absorption photometry were used to measure serum element levels. Themain results were as follows: 1. Average serum Zn levels of the elite Chinese athletes in spring were all above 100 ug.dl~(-1)(100-140 ug.dl~(-1)). However, serum Zn levels were lower in winter; the average was 96±19 ug.dl~(-1).Data of paired T-test also showed that serum Zn levels were lower in the winter. Average serum Culevels were all above 100 ug.dl~(-1) except those of the track and field athletes. 2. Incidences of "low" serum Zn and Cu levels (lower than 90 ug.dl~(-1)) were 32.7% and 14.3%respectively; data showed that percentages of low serum Zn and high serum Cu were higher in the athletes than those of the college students, and their frequency of distribution were in accordancewith this phenomenon. 3. Serum Zn levels of male and female athletes in winter training were 101±20.7 and 92±17.8ug.dl~(-1) respectively; their serum Cu levels were 108±20.3 and 122±17.8 ug.dl~(-1) respectively. Levelsof serum Zn were low and Cu high in female athletes. Serum Cu levels were lower in athletes agedbelow 18 years than that of the adult athletes. 4. Intakes of Zn and Cu from the diet of the elite Chinese athletes averaged 30 mg.d~(-1) and7 mg.d~(-1) respectively. Sweat Zn and Cu concentrations were 117±67 and 49±25 ug.dl~(-1) respec-tively. 5. Serum Cu levels of athletes with a 2-hr. aerobic exercise on a Monark ergometer (HR keptaround 150 beats/min) decreased significantly from 127±12.7 to 101±17.0 ug.dl~(-1) 24 hours afterthe exercise. There were no serum Zn changes after the same exercise loading. 6. No significant changes of serum Zn or Cu levels of athletes were shown by the Wingate testafter a short period of anaerobic exercise loading while serum Mg and K levels increased under thesame conditions.