磁共振弥散张量成像在涉及锥体束的脑肿瘤神经导航术中的应用

目的　探讨磁共振弥散张量成像 (DTI)在涉及锥体束的脑肿瘤神经导航手术中的应用价值。方法　 4 9例涉及锥体束的脑肿瘤 ,随机分为实验组 (融合DTI影像导航 )和对照组 (传统影像导航 )。实验组患者应用DTI重建以锥体束为主的脑白质纤维束 ,采用多影像融合技术将DTI与传统的导航影像相融合 ,应用于神经导航手术。结果　 (1)实验组 2 5例 ,对照组 2 4例 ,两组病例术前均衡性良好。 (2 )对照组肿瘤全切率 5 0 0 % ,实验组 80 0 % (P <0 0 5 )。 (3)对照组术后致残率 75 0 % ,实验组 2 0 0 % (P <0 0 1)。 (4)预后评估 :对照组Karnofsky预后评分 (KPS) 6 9 5 8± 2 3 4 9,实验组KPS84 80± 2 3 4 9(P <0 0 5 ) ;对照组优良率 (KPS =90～ 10 0 ) 37 5 % ,实验组 72 0 % (P <0 0 5 )。 (5 )对照组住院时间 2 4 2 5± 8 17d ,实验组 17 89± 5 4 7d(P <0 0 5 )。结论　DTI影像应用于涉及锥体束的脑肿瘤导航手术 ,可提供病灶与邻近锥体束间的三维可视化解剖信息 ,指导肿瘤最大范围切除并有效保护锥体束 ,显著提高肿瘤全切除率 ,降低患者术后致残率 ,缩短住院时间。

Role of diffusion tensor imaging in neuronavigation surgery of brain tumors involving pyramidal tracts

OBJECTIVE: To explore the role of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in neuronavigation surgery of brain tumors involving pyramidal tracts. METHODS: Forty-nine patients with brain tumors involving pyramidal tracts were randomly divided into trial group (DTI navigation) and control group (traditional navigation). The patients in trial group underwent DTI and T1 weighted 3D navigational magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies. The main white matter tracts were constructed by the DTI datasets, and merged to the anatomical structure, which was delineated by the T1-weighted three-dimensional fast spoiled gradient recalled sequence (3D/FSPGR). The relationship between the tumors and adjacent pyramidal tracts were segmented and reconstructed for three-dimensional visualization. RESULTS: In 25 patients of trial group and 24 patients of control group, the statistic analysis confirmed well balance of main variations. The tumors were completely resected in 12 patients (50.0%) of control group and in 20 patients (80.0%) of trial group (P < 0.05). Postoperative aggravated contralateral extremities weakness or hemiplegia due to pyramidal tract injury occurring in 75.0% cases of control group whereas only 20.0% patients in trial group (P < 0.01). The mean Karnofsky scale were 69.58 +/- 23.49 and 84.80 +/- 23.49 respectively in control and trial groups (P < 0.05). The excellent outcome ratio (Karnofsky scale = 90 - 100) was 37.5% in control group and 72.0% in trial group respectively (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: DTI allows individual estimation of large fiber tracts of brain. Furthermore, to integrate spatial three-dimensional information concerning the white matter tracts into traditional neuronavigation images during surgery, was valuable in presenting topographical character of involving (shift or erosive) pyramidal tracts and relationship with the margins of neighboring tumors. The mapping of large fiber tracts was a safe, efficient, reliable technique. DTI should be routinely used in neuronavigation surgery of brain tumor involving pyramidal tracts to plan the optimal trajectory and ensure total resection of the lesions during operation, as well as to decrease potential disability after operation and to shorten the length of hospitalization.