Influence of light exposure on the kinetics of protoporphyrin IX formation in normal skin of hairless mice after application of 5-aminolevulinic acid methyl ester

The rates of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) photodegradation and reappearance after light exposure at 420 and 632 nm were measured in mouse skin at different times after 1 h topical application of 5-aminolevulinic acid methyl ester (ALA-Me). After ALA-Me application (1 h) and removal, the fluorescence of PpIX increased for about 1 h, and then reached a maximum and started to decrease. Reappearance of PpIX fluorescence after exposures (degrading 60%-80% of the PpIX) was faster for exposures 0.5 h after ALA-Me application than for exposures 3 h. The bleaching rate was largest in the former case. This indicates that PpIX is located deeper in the skin after 3 h than after 0.5 h, whereas the pool of ALA-Me in the skin is largest at 0.5 h. In all cases, the reappearance was faster at a skin temperature of 35 degrees C than at 23 degrees C. Reappearance of PpIX fluorescence was faster after exposure to light at 420 nm than at 632 nm. The rate of elimination of PpIX from the volume of detection was faster after 420 nm light irradiation than that after 632 nm. These findings are discussed in view of penetration depths of light and ALA-Me, and diffusion of PpIX.