哌仑西平对豚鼠透镜诱导性近视眼的作用

目的　评价眼表应用选择性M1 受体拮抗剂哌仑西平对豚鼠透镜诱导性近视眼的作用 ,探讨其作用机制及其临床应用前景。方法　 4周龄豚鼠 15只 ,均右眼戴 - 10 0 0D透镜 ,左眼不戴镜。随机分为 2个组 :对照组 (7只 )双眼滴用 0 2 4 %氯化钠缓冲液 ,实验组 (8只 )右眼滴 10 %哌仑西平眼液 ,左眼滴上述缓冲液。用药 11d后摘去眼镜并停药 ,以屈光度数及眼轴长度的变化来评估透镜诱导或药物的效应 ,摘除所有 30只眼球作病理组织学切片行光镜检查 ,以了解哌仑西平可能的毒性作用。结果　戴镜 11d后 ,与左眼比较 ,只有对照组右眼诱导出 - 2 4 5D的相对近视(t=3 14 1,P <0 0 5 ) ,眼轴相对延长 0 0 5mm(t=2 5 0 0 ,P <0 0 5 ) ;实验组双眼及对照组左眼的屈光度数及眼轴长度比较 ,差异无显著意义 (P >0 0 5 )。组织学检查无明显毒性反应。结论　哌仑西平眼液能有效抑制豚鼠透镜诱导性近视眼眼轴的延长 ,抑制实验性近视发展 ,无明显眼部毒性反应。

Effects of pirenzepine on lens-induced myopia in the guinea-pig

Objective To determine the efficacy of the M 1-selective muscarinic antagonist, pirenzepine, in preventing lens-induced myopia in the guinea-pig and to study the mechanism and the possibility of treatment of myopia with pirenzepine. Methods Fifteen 4-week-old guinea-pigs were monocularly fitted with -10.00 D lenses for a period of 11 days. In Group I (n=7), both eyes received topical administration of 0.24% saline vehicle as the controls. In Group II (n=8), the lens-fitted eyes were topically treated with 10% pirenzepine, while the other eyes received the vehicle control. Ocular refraction and biometric measurements were collected on the first and the 11th days. All eyes were finally enucleated for histopathological examination to evaluate the possible toxic effects of pirenzepine. Results In Group I, 11 days of lens-fitting produced -2.45 D myopia (t=3.141, P<0.05) with 0.05 mm elongation of axial dimension (t=2.500, P<0.05) as compared to the contralateral eyes. There were no significantly differences of refractive error and axial dimensions between the experimental eyes and the controls in Group II. Histological examinations revealed no obviously toxic effects in the pirenzepine-treated eyes. Conclusions Topical administration of the M 1-selective muscarinic antagonist, pirenzepine, prevents lens-induced experimental myopia in guinea-pig by inhibiting the elongation of axial dimension with no obvious damage to the ocular tissues.