医务人员职业暴露现状调查及预防策略

目的掌握医务人员职业暴露发生情况及其危险因素,为制定医务人员职业防护策略提供依据。方法根据2007年全院填报的医务人员121例针刺伤报告单,分析医务人员职业暴露发生情况及其危险因素。结果发生职业暴露主要以针刺伤为主占96.36%。暴露源中患有血源性传播病的71例,无血源性传播疾病50例。暴露地点依次为病房50例,手术室39例,治疗室、检查室12例,检验科9例,废物处理室6例,产房5例。暴露发生主要环节：手术中40例,抽血25例,拔出输液针头15例,各种穿刺及注射14例,各种检查11例,处理废弃物6例。结论加强医务人员培训和教育,提高职业安全意识;严格规范各项操作规程,认真执行标准预防;注重高发科室和高发人群的风险管理,并在职业暴露发生后采取及时正确有效措施。

The condition and prevention of occupational exposure of medical staff

Objective To investigate the condition and risk factors of occupational exposure of medical staff, and provide evidence for prevention strategy to medical staff. Methods To make a retrospective investigation of the occupational exposure status of medical staff in our hospital in 2007 according to the report sheets of needle stick injuries of 121 eases medical staff. Results 110 eases were sharp injuries and the most were needle stick injuries （96.36%）. In the sources of exposure, 71 eases had hematogenie transmission disease. 50 eases were exposured in wards, 39 eases in operating room, 12 eases in treatment and checking room, 9 eases in inspection department, 6 eases in waste disposal room and 5 eases in delivery room. Conclusion It is important to strengthen the training and education of medical staff, improve vocational safety consciousness, standardize all kinds of operating regulation, change adverse working habit, execute criteria prevention, pay attention to the risk management Of high incidence department and population and take correct effective measures after occupational exposure happening in time.