抑癌基因PTEN在喉癌中的表达及临床意义

目的：研究抑癌基因PTEN在喉癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法：应用免疫组织化学SP法，检测PTEN在68例喉鳞状细胞癌组织（喉癌组）及33例癌旁正常黏膜组织（对照组）中的表达。结果：①喉癌组PTEN蛋白阳性表达率为61．8％（42／68），对照组为100．0％（33／33），喉癌组PTEN蛋白阳性表达率显著低于对照组（P＜0．01）。②PTEN蛋白阳性表达与喉癌临床病理特征的关系：高、中分化组与低分化组之间PTEN蛋白阳性表达率比较（79．3％：48．7％）差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；淋巴结转移者PTEN蛋白阳性表达率（55．0％）显著低于无淋巴转移者（71．4％）（P＜0．05）；根据临床病理分期，Ⅰ加Ⅱ期与Ⅲ加Ⅳ期之间PTEN蛋白阳性表达率（76．0％：53．5％）差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；随临床分期增加、喉癌分化程度降低及淋巴结的转移，PTEN蛋白阳性表达率逐渐降低。另外，PTEN蛋白阳性表达与患者年龄、性别、肿瘤组织大小及部位无关（P〉0．05）。结论：抑癌基因PTEN在喉癌的发生及发展中起重要作用，对其蛋白的检测可作为判定喉癌发生及侵袭转移能力的一项客观指标。

Expression of tumor suppressor gene PTEN in laryngeal carcinoma and its clinical significance

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of tumor suppressor gene PTEN in laryngeal carcinoma and study its clinical-pathological implication and its clinical significance. METHOD: The expression of PTEN was detected by immunohistochemistry SP(Streptavidin peroxidase) method in 68 cases of laryngeal carcinoma, 33 cases of adjacent normal laryngeal mucosa. RESULT: (1) There was 61.8% (42 of 68) of cases with expression of PTEN in the tumor tissues, and 100.0% of cases (33 of 33) with the expression of PTEN in the normal mucosa. The positive expression of PTEN in the laryngeal carcinoma gourp was remarkably lower than that in the control group. ( P <0.01). (2) The positive expression of PTEN in high and middle degree of differentiation group was significantly higher than that in low degree of differentiation(79.3% vs 48.7%). Tumors with lymph node metastases(55.0%) had less PTEN protein expression than those without metastasis(71.4%) (P <0.05). As for the PTEN expression between I + II stage and III + IV stage, the difference was significant (76.0% vs 53.5%)(P <0.05). The positive rates of PTEN decreased with clinical stage, the poor differentiation, deep invasion and lymph nodes metastasis ( P <0.05). PTEN protein expression had no relation to the patients' age, sex, tumor size and location (P >0.05). CONCLUSION: PTEN gene plays an important role in the occurrence and development of laryngeal carcinoma. It is suggested that PTEN can be a useful marker for predicting invasion and metastasis ability of laryngeal carcinoma.