滤泡辅助T细胞的研究进展

B细胞产生抗体需要T细胞辅助。最近研究发现一种命名为滤泡辅助T细胞（TFH）的T细胞亚群，它们被认为是B细胞最主要的辅助细胞，是淋巴组织中最常见和最重要的效应T细胞亚群之一。TFH与Th1和Th2存在明显差别，其趋化因子受体表达为CXCR5，定位和迁移于B细胞滤泡，具有辅助B细胞功能。TFH细胞分泌辅助细胞因子IL-21，通过与B细胞上IL-21R结合，使之分化为产生抗体的细胞。TFH细胞功能调节异常或TFH细胞相关分子表达异常，可能与某些自身免疫性疾病、免疫缺陷病和恶性肿瘤的发病机制有关。本文就CXCR5和TFH细胞的发现、TFH细胞的起源与TFH细胞功能相关的细胞因子，TFH效应细胞和记忆细胞的迁移和定位、TFH细胞异常与疾病等问题进行了综述。

Advances of Studies on T Follicular Helper Cells

T follicular helper cells （TFH cells） provides a helper function to B cells. It is one of the most important subsets of effector T cells in lymphoid tissues. The features of TFH cells include chemokine receptor expression （ CXCR5 ）, location/migration （ B cell follicles）, and function （ B cell help）. TFH cells produce a ＂helper＂ cytokine- IL-21, which can stimulate B cells to differentiate into Ab-forming cells through IL-21R. Dysregulation of TFH cell function likely contributes to the pathogenesis of immune-related diseases. In this article, the discovery of CXCR5 and TFH cells, origin of TFH cells, cytckines related with TFn cell function, migration and location of TFH effector cells and memory cells as well as dysregulation of TFH cell function and related diseases were reviewed.