广东疟疾联防区2004年监测结果与流行特点

目的探讨疟疾联合管理在疟疾防治和流动人口疟疾管理中的作用。方法主动侦查与被动侦查相结合,对临床诊断和实验室诊断病例进行个案调查。结果疟疾联防的五个地级市2004年共发现疟疾病例136例(占全省病例的60．71％),年发病率0．057／万;五市当地居民血检阳性率为0．31％,流动人口血检阳性率为0．14％,经统计学检验,两者血检阳性率无显著性差异;流动人口中的回归人员血检阳性率为1．25％,外来人员血检阳性率为0．14％,经统计学检验,两者血检阳性率有显著性差异;在回归人员中,从海南省回归的人员血检阳性率最高,与从其它省回归的人员血检阳性率比较有显著性差异;各种职业的流动人口血检阳性率无显著性差异;参与疟疾联防的五个地级市全年各月都有疟疾病例发生,其中六、七月达到最高峰。病例的季节分布与广东省传疟媒介的季节消长相吻合。结论通过联防,2004年广东省联防区内疟疾发病率继续维持在较低水平,输入病例和输入继发病例明显减少,流动人口疟疾得到有效控制。

Epidemiology and Surveillance Feature of Malaria in Guangdong Area of Joint Prevention Area for Malaria in 2004

Objective To study the effect of joint prevention for malaria on the control of the disease and management of floating population. Methods Active survey and passive survey were carried out to investigate clinically and lab confirmed malaria cases. Results 136 malaria cases, account for 60.71% of all cases of the province, were identified in the 5 cities where joint prevention for malaria was carried out in Guangdong province. Annual incidence rate of malaria was 0.57 per 100 000. Positive rates of blood test for local population and floating population in the 5 cities were 0.31% and 0.14%, respectively. The difference between the rates was not significant statistically. The positive rates of blood test for persons who returned from outside and came from other places were 1.25% and 0.14%,respectively. The difference between the rates was significant statistically. The positive rate of blood test for persons who returned from Hainan province was the highest than from other provinces among the population returned from outside. The difference between the rates was significant statistically. The difference of the positive rates of blood test among different occupations was not significant statistically. Malaria cases occurred every month of the year in the 5 cities, and peaked between June and July. The season distribution of malaria cases was correlated with the change of the number of malaria vectors. Conclusion By joint prevention for malaria in the 3 provinces, the malaria incidence rate of the 5 cities maintained at low level. The imported cases and secondary cases were decreased and malaria of floating population was under control effectively.