攀枝花地区妊娠感冒患者中医证候分布特点分析

目的探讨攀枝花地区妊娠感冒中医证候特点和证型分布规律,为其中医药防治提供依据。方法纳入107例妊娠感冒患者,获取中医证候学资料,总结该病的证候特点及分布规律。结果妊娠感冒症状出现频率最高的前5项分别为咽痛(64.49%)、口渴(62.62%)、鼻塞(61.68%)、咳嗽(59.81%)、流涕(55.15%),其中咽痛、口渴、鼻塞等表热症状突出;中医证型以风热证所占比例最大(82.24%);早期妊娠(13周)、中期妊娠(13~27周)、晚期妊娠(27周)发病率分别为32.71%(35/107)、44.86%(48/107)、22.43%(24/107),早期妊娠、中期妊娠发病率高于晚期妊娠(P0.05);春夏季发病率为53.27%(57/107),秋冬季为46.73%(50/107),两者比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01),其中春夏季风热证发病率为62.5%(55/88)。结论攀枝花地区妊娠感冒患者的中医证候以风热证常见,证候特点以温、热、燥为主,妊娠早中期和春夏季更易感冒,其证型分布、证候特点、发病时间与当地环境气候因素有关。

Distribution and Characteristics of TCM Syndrome in Pregnant Patients with Cold in Panzhihua Region

Objective To study the TCM syndrome distribution and characteristics of pregnant patients with cold in Panzhihua region; To provide evidence for prevention and treatment of this disease. Methods Totally 107 pregnant patients with cold were analyzed to obtain TCM syndrome data and summarize the distribution and characteristics of this disease. Results The syndromes of 107 cases of pregnancy cold, from high to low were sore throat （64.49%）, thirst （62.62%）, nasal congestion （61.68%）, cough （59.81%）, runny nose （55.15%）, and defense phase symptoms such as sore throat, thirst and nasal congestion were obvious. The main TCM syndrome was wind-heat syndrome, accounting for 82.24%. The incidence rates of early pregnancy （〈 12weeks）, midtrimester pregnancy （13-27 weeks）, and late pregnancy （〉28 weeks） were 32.71% （35/107）, 44.86% （48/107）, and 22.43% （24/107）, respectively. The incidence rates of early pregnancy and midtrimester pregnancy were higher than that of late pregnancy （P〈0.05）. The incidence rates were 53.27% （57/107） in spring and summer and 46.73% （50/107） in autumn and winter, with statistical significance （P〈0.01）. The incidence of wind-heat syndrome in spring and summer was 62.5% （55/88）, Conclusion The most common syndrome in pregnancy cold was wind-heat syndromes. The most common characteristics were warm, hot and dry. Early or middle pregnant patients were more likely to catch cold in spring and summer. The syndrome distribution and characteristics were relevant to local environment and climate factors.