The determination of metals (antimony, bismuth, lead, cadmium, mercury, palladium, platinum, tellurium, thallium, tin and tungsten) in urine samples by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry |
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Authors: | P Schramel I Wendler J Angerer |
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Institution: | (1) GSF-Research Center for Environment and Health, Institute for Ecological Chemistry, Neuherberg, D-85758 Oberschleissheim, Germany, DE;(2) University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany, DE |
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Abstract: | Objective: An analytical method has been established to determine the concentration of antimony (Sb), bismuth (Bi), lead (Pb), cadmium
(Cd), mercury (Hg), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), tellurium (Te), tin (Sn), thallium (Tl) and tungsten (W) in urine. The
aim was to develop a method which is equally suitable for the determination of environmentally as well as occupationally caused
metal excretion. Methods: Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) was used for the determination of metals. Calibration was done using
aqueous solutions and standard addition respectively. Results: Urine samples of 14 persons occupationally non-exposed to metals were analysed. With the exception of Pt and Bi all the
metals were found in these urine samples. The detection limits for these metals lie between 5 and 50 ng/l. Conclusions: For some metals, which are important from an occupational as well as an environmental viewpoint, ICP-MS is more sensitive
than atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). ICP-MS, moreover, is welcome as a reference method for AAS with the additional
advantage of multi-element measurement.
Received: 5 February 1996/Accepted: 23 August 1996 |
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Keywords: | ICP-MS Urine Metals Occupational medicine Environmental medicine |
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