胃肠道肿瘤新辅助化疗疗效分析及多药耐药标志物的检测

目的：对胃肠道肿瘤新辅助化疗的疗效进行评价，同时探讨其耐药机理。方法：对20例胃癌及31例大肠癌患者施行新辅助化疗及手术治疗，取术前活检标本进行免疫组化染色，检测其p53、多药耐药蛋白(multidrug resistance-associated protein,MRP)、谷胱甘肽S转移酶(glutathione S transferase，GST)和端粒酶在胃肠道肿瘤组织中的表达，并对术后标本进行常规病理检查以确定其疗效，同时观察术后1个月内并发症的发生率。结果：51例患者中新辅助化疗有效者14例，有效率为27．45％，术后并发症的发生率为15．69％(8／51)．死亡率为1．96％(1／51)。p53、MRP、GST和端粒酶的表达阳性率分别为58．0％、51．0％、66．7％和74．0％；新辅助化疗疗效与患者性别、年龄、淋巴结转移及远处转移无关，与p53及端粒酶的表达相关。结论：胃肠道肿瘤的新辅助化疗是一种安全有效的方法，但在胃肠道肿瘤中原发性耐药较高，其耐药性与p53及端粒酶的表达有关。

Evaluation of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Expression of Multidrug Resistance Indicater in Gastrointestinal Carcinomas

Objective To evaluate the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and find the mechanism of multidrug resistance. Methods Twenty patients with gastric cancer and 31 patients with colorectal cancer underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy and then operations. The preoperative specimens were stained by immunohistochemical techniques for testing p53,multidrug resistance associated protein (MRP), glutathione S transferase(GST), telomerase. Resection specimens were evaluated for chemotherapy effect by routine histology; at the same time, the postoperative morbidity and mortality were observed. Results In 51 patients, the response rate of neoadjuvant chemotherapy was 27.45%(14/51),so multidrug resistance was a kind of common phenomena in gastrointestinal carcinomas. The postoperative morbidity was 15.69% (8/15) , the main operation complication was infection,the mortality was 1.96%(1/51),only one person died from severe infection.The expression rate of p53, MRP, GST, telomerase was 58.0%,51.0%,66.7%,74.0%respectively, the location of p53 was at cell nucleus,location of MRP,GST was at cell memberane and cytoplasm,location of telomerase was at cytoplasm.The response rate had nothing to do with age, sex and metastasis. But it was related with p53 and telomerase expression. Conclusion Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is an effective, safe therapy. But the rate of drug resistance is high in gastrointestinal carcinomas, and the response rate is related to p53, telomerase expression.