宁夏地区中学校医和健康教育教师预防艾滋病知识与态度

目的 了解宁夏地区中学校医预防艾滋病知识、态度及健康教育状况,为中学开展预防艾滋病健康教育提供决策依据。方法 以不记名问卷方式对宁夏4市92名中学校医进行调查。结果 有35.3%的教师曾接受过预防艾滋病健康教育方面的培训,90%以上的教师对艾滋病三大传播途径的知识掌握较好,但对于非传播途径、预防及治疗的基本知识回答正确率较低。分别有95.7%和98.9%的校医赞同在初中和高中开展预防艾滋病健康教育;但几乎所有的回族校医（96.8%）都反对在初中阶段讲解有关避孕套的知识,有49.2%的回族教师反对在高中阶段讲解正确使用避孕套知识。接受过培训的教师预防艾滋病知识得分、对在学校开展预防艾滋病教育态度总得分等均高于未受过培训的教师,且差异有统计学意义。回族教师对在学校开展预防艾滋病教育态度总得分明显低于汉族教师（P〈0.01）。校医预防艾滋病知识主要来自书籍、报刊、杂志（76.9%）,其次为电视、广播（45.2%）,培训在各种来源中居第5位（23.6%）。结论 应加强对民族地区中学校医和健康教育教师进行学校预防艾滋病健康教育的培训;尽快编写符合民族地区情况的学校预防艾滋病健康教育大纲及教师教学参考书。

Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors Towards AIDS Among Middle School Doctors in Ningxia

Objective To understand the knowledge, attitudes and health educational situation in AIDS prevention among middle school doctors in Ningxia, and to provide evidence for AIDS health education. Methods Ninety-two middle school doctors in four cities in Ningxia were investigated by using an anonymous questionnaire survey. Results 35.3% of the investigated doctors had received AIDS health education, and over 90% of the doctors had correct answer to the route of AIDS transmission. However they scored very low on the route by which AIDS don't spread, the prevention and treatment of AIDS.About 95.7% of junior middle school doctors and 98.9% of senior middle school doctors approved of education of AIDS prevention in the middle school but nearly all the school doctors of Hui nationality(96.8%) opposed giving lectures on condoms in junior middle school, and 49.2% of school doctors opposed giving lectures on the correct way of using condoms in senior middle school. Those doctors who had received training scored higher than those who hadn't received training in the aspects of AIDS knowledge and attitudes towards AIDS prevention, with statistical significance. The school doctors of Hui nationality scored lower than those of Han nationality in attitudes towards AIDS health education(P<0.01). The school doctors acquired their knowledge on AIDS from books, newspaper and magazines(76.9%) and then from broadcast(45.2%). Training ranks the fifth place in AIDS knowledge acquisition(23.6%). ConclusionTraining on AID prevention education should be strengthened among middle school doctors and health education teachers in minority areas. Outline and teachers' reference books on AIDS prevention in schools which are suitable for minority areas should be compiled as soon as possible.