沙利度胺联合地塞米松诱导治疗初诊多发性骨髓瘤

背景与目的:沙利度胺是治疗复发、难治性多发性骨髓瘤(multiple myeloma,MM)的有效药物,但其在初诊MM诱导治疗中的作用仍不清楚.本研究目的是评价沙利度胺联合地塞米松(thalidomide and dexamethasone,TD)在初诊MM诱导治疗中的治疗效果和不良反应.方法:应用TD方案诱导治疗39例初诊MM.沙利度胺100～300 mg/d,持续口服;地塞米松20～40 mg/d,在奇数疗程的第1～4天、第9～12天和第17～20天口服;在偶数疗程的第1～4天使用,28天为1疗程.并以36例接受VAD方案诱导治疗的临床资料匹配的初诊MM作为历史对照,比较两组的疗效、生存情况和不良反应.结果:TD方案诱导治疗初诊MM的总有效率为71.8%,VAD组为61.1%(P＞0.05).TD组中位无疾病进展生存时间(progression-free survival,PFS)为14个月,VAD组的中位PFS为9个月,两组相比差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).TD组的中位总生存时间(overall survival,OS)尚未达到,VAD组中位OS为29个月.TD组常见的不良反应有便秘、乏力、头晕、嗜睡等,多为2级以下.VAD组3级以上白细胞减少和血小板降低明显多于TD组(P＜0.05),各种感染的发生率也高于TD组(P＜0.05).结论:TD方案是对初诊MM有效的治疗方案,可以代替VAD方案作为初诊MM的诱导治疗方案.

Efficacy of thalidomide combined dexamethasone on newly diagnosed multiple myeloma

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Thalidomide is effective in treating refractory and relapsed multiple myeloma (MM). However, the efficacy of thalidomide in induction therapy for newly diagnosed MM remains unknown. This study was to evaluate the efficacy of thalidomide combined dexamethasone (TD induction regimen) on previously untreated MM, and observe the adverse events. METHODS: Thirty-nine patients with newly diagnosed MM received oral administration of thalidomide at a dose of 100-300 mg/day continuously and dexamethasone at a dose of 20-40 mg/day on Days 1-4, 9-12, 17-20 in odd months and on Days 1-4 in even months. TD regimen was repeated every 28 days. Thirty-six MM patients who received VAD regimen (vindesine, adriamycin, and dexamethasone) was regarded as a historical matched controls. The efficacy, survival time and adverse events were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The overall response rates were 71.8% in TD group and 61.1% in VAD group (P>0.05). The median progression-free survival was 14 months in TD group and 9 months in VAD group (P>0.05). Within a median follow-up of 13 months (range, 1-30 months), median overall survival (OS) was not reached in TD group, and was 29 months in VAD group. The most common adverse events (always not higher than grade 2) were constipation, fatigue, dizziness and somnolence in TD group. More grade 3-4 adverse events, included leucopenia and thrombocytopenia, and higher infection rate were observed in VAD group as compared with those in TD group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The combination of thalidomide and dexamethasone is an effective induction regimen for newly diagnosed MM. It may be considered as a replacement of VAD regimen.