儿童哮喘流行病学及防治现状探析

目的：对儿童哮喘的患病情况及其相关影响因素进行流行病学调查，为儿童哮喘的防治策略提供依据。方法：对莱芜市5600名0～14岁的儿童进行儿童哮喘的流行病学调查，分析疾病发生的危险因素。结果：儿童哮喘的患病率为4．4％；其中男孩患病率高于女孩；在哮喘患儿中，首次发病以3岁以内为最多（61．8％）；经多因素Logistic回归分析，儿童哮喘发病的危险因素有剖宫产，早产，家族过敏史等11个因素，而母乳喂养为哮喘的保护因素。结论：莱芜市儿童哮喘的发病率较高，积极控制发生儿童哮喘的相关危险因素，对儿童哮喘防治有重要意义。

Analysis of epidemiological investigation and prevention of childhood asthma

Objective： To investigate the epidemiology, distribution feature and influencing factors of asthma in order to provide epidemiology evidence for asthma management. Methods 5600 children aged 0~ 14 years old with bronchial asthma in Laiwu City were investigated in order to explore the risk factors of childhood asthma. Results： The incidence rate of asthma was 4.4%. The incidence rate in male was obviously higher than that of female.The first age of onset of asthma before 3 yeas old was 61.8%.With multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that 11 risk factors for children asthma included premature birth, cesarean section, a family history of allergy, et al. Breastfeeding is the protective factor. Conclusion： The morbidity rate of asthma in Laiwu City is relatively high. We must control and correct the risk factors of children asthma, which has great significanee to prevent and control childhood asthma.