大鼠嗅觉神经元凋亡的相关研究

目的研究凋亡是否参与嗅上皮正常生理更替和嗅球摘除后嗅觉神经元死亡后再生过程，探讨凋亡与神经元再生的关系。方法应用原位末端标记法观察正常成年人鼠嗅上皮和摘除嗅球后大鼠嗅上皮12、24、48h和8d中凋亡的出现和改变情况。结果正常成年大鼠嗅上皮中有末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的脱氧三磷酸尿苷缺口末端标记（TUNEL）阳性细胞[（2．35±0．43）个／200μm]，摘除嗅球后TUNEL阳性细胞数增加，24h达峰值[（102．37±19．33）个／200μm]，以后迅速下降，维持于低水平。结论凋亡参与成年嗅觉神经元生理性更替以及实验性嗅觉神经元死亡和再生的过程。可能是通过直接或间接的信号传导调节神经元前体细胞的增殖和分化。

Apoptosis of olfactory receptor neurons in Rats

[ Objective] To study To study whether apoptosis play a role in controlling the number of olfactory receptor neurons, so as to reveal the specialty and its relationship in neurogenesis. [ Methods] Using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP- fluoreacein nick end labeling （TUNEL） to detect apoptosis in olfactory mucosa of normal adult rats and damaged olfactory mucosa of 12, 24, 48 hours and 8 days after bulbectomy. [ Results] In normal olfactory epithelium, a subpopulation of immature neurons, as well as mature neurons, showed internucleosomal DNA- fragmentation [ （ 2.35 ± 0.43 ）/200 μm]. The number of TUNEL-labeled neurons increased dramatically 24 hours after removal of olfactory bulb[ （ 102.37 ± 19.33 ）/200 μm]. Then it declined quickly and remained at low level. [ Conclusion] Apoptosis might play a role in turnover of the olfactory epithelium and regeneration in adult rats. The mechanism possibly was stimulation on proliferation and differentiation of neuronal precursors by direct or indirect signal transduction.