全髋表面置换术和传统全髋置换术术后生物力学结构恢复的比较研究

目的比较全髋表面置换术（HRA）和传统全髋置换术（THA）后的下肢长度、股骨偏心距和髋臼偏心距等恢复的情况,确定HRA是否更有利于恢复髋关节的生物力学结构。方法选择单侧施行HRA或THA的股骨头坏死患者各20例（对侧髋关节均健康）。术前、术后摄等比例X线正位片,测量患者双髋的下肢长度、股骨偏心距和髋臼偏心距指标,与对侧髋比较患髋术后的改变。将HRA和THA术后改变的结果进行比较。结果 HRA组各项生物力学参数差值恢复明显比THA组更接近正常。术后HRA组和THA组患侧和健侧比较下肢长度差分别为（-2.1±1.1）mm和（3.5±2.6）mm（P〈0.05）,HRA组为轻度短缩而THA组为轻度延长;股骨偏心距差分别为（-1.8±1.4）mm和（3.1±1.9）mm（P〈0.05）,HRA组股骨偏心距降低,而THA组偏心距增加;髋臼偏心距分别为（1.6±1.8）mm和（-2.3±2.1）mm（P〈0.05）,THA组髋臼偏心距增加较大。结论 HRA可以更加精确地恢复股骨近端解剖结构,大直径股骨头假体增加了髋关节的稳定性,避免了THA容易导致的下肢延长和偏心距增加,有利于改善软组织张力。但HRA还是有轻度缩短下肢长度和股骨偏心距的倾向。

Biomechanical reconstruction of the hip in total hip resurfacing arthroplasty versus conventional total hip arthroplasty

Objective To study the effect of total hip resurfacing arthroplasty(HRA) in restoring of the biomechanical nature versus conventional total hip arthroplasty(THA).Methods In a randomised study involving 40 patients in unilateral avascular necrosis of femoral head undergoing unilateral primary hip replacement.The contralateral hip was used as a control.20 patients underwent HRA,the other 20 patients underwent THA.Postoperative femoral offset,leg length discrepancy and acetabular offset were measured by postop...