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Optimal placement of bipolar surface EMG electrodes in the face based on single motor unit analysis
Authors:Bernd G. Lapatki  Robert Oostenveld  Johannes P. Van Dijk  Irmtrud E. Jonas  Machiel J. Zwarts  Dick F. Stegeman
Affiliation:1. Department of Orthodontics, Albert Ludwigs University, Freiburg, Germany;2. Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Radboud University, Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands;3. Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands;4. Research Institute MOVE, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Abstract:Locations of surface electromyography (sEMG) electrodes in the face are usually chosen on a macro‐anatomical basis. In this study we describe optimal placement of bipolar electrodes based on a novel method and present results for lower facial muscles. We performed high‐density sEMG recordings in 13 healthy participants. Raw sEMG signals were decomposed into motor unit action potentials (MUAPs). We positioned virtual electrode pairs in the interpolated monopolar MUAPs at different positions along muscle fiber direction and calculated the bipolar potentials. Electrode sites were determined where maximal bipolar amplitude was achieved and were validated. Objective guidelines for sEMG electrode placement improve the signal‐to‐noise ratio and may contribute to reduce cross talk, which is particularly important in the face. The method may be regarded as an important basis for improving the validity and reproducibility of sEMG in complex muscle areas.
Keywords:EMG  Normal volunteers  Methodology
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