在校健康儿童鼻前庭携带金黄色葡萄球菌检测及药物敏感分析

目的了解成都市部分在校健康儿童鼻前庭金黄色葡萄球菌携带及药物敏感情况。方法本研究分两阶段(2005～2007年和2008～2010年)收集成都市部分中小学及幼儿园健康儿童鼻前庭拭子,培养并分离金葡菌,同时应用纸片扩散法进行青霉素、红霉素、克林霉素、头孢西丁及万古霉素药敏试验。结果从2373份标本中分离出金葡菌430例,阳性率为18.12%;青霉素耐药率高达90.00%,耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)占6.28%;其中第一阶段MRSA检出率低于第二阶段(4.28%vs.9.25%,P=0.037),第二阶段城市儿童MRSA检出率高于农村儿童(14.74%vs.2.56%,P=0.006);未发现耐万古霉素的金葡菌。结论成都在校健康儿童鼻前庭金葡菌携带率较高且对常用抗生素具有较高耐药率。

Nasal carriage of community-acquired staphylococcus aureus and drug sensitivity tests in healthy children in Chengdu

Objective To investigate nasal carriage of community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus and its drug sensitivities in healthy children in Chengdu.Methods Nasal swabs were collected from healthy children from primary schools and kindergartens in Chengdu in two stages(2005-2007 and 2008-2010).All specimens were cultivated.Once S.aureus was identified,drug susceptibility tests(disk diffusion method) were performed with penicillin,erythromycin,clindamycin,ceftazidime and vancomycin.Results 430 S.aureus were identified from 2373 specimens,with a positive rate of 18.12%.Resistant to penicillin was found in 90% of tests.The isolated S.aureus was also resistant(6.28%) to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA).The first stage identified higher rate of MRSA than the second stage(4.28% vs.9.25%,P=0.037).Isolates from children living in cities were more likely to be resistant to cefoxitin than isolates from children living in countryside(14.74% vs.2.56%,P=0.006) in the second stage.We did not find vancomycin-resistant S.aureus.Conclusion Nasal carriage of S.aureus among healthy children in Chengdu is common and the nasal carried S.aureus is highly resistant to commonly used antibiotics.