留守儿童生存质量与心理健康的相关性及影响因素分析

目的 分析留守儿童生存质量与心理健康的相关性及留守儿童生存质量的影响因素,为改善留守儿童生存质量提供理论依据。方法 2017年9月-2020年9月抽取本地区某小学四年级至六年级208名留守儿童进行调查,用儿童生存质量普适性核心量表(PedsQL4.0)评价留守儿童生存质量,用心理健康诊断测验(MHT)评价留守儿童心理健康状况。用Pearson相关分析法分析留守儿童生存质量与心理健康的相关性,用多元线性逐步回归模型分析影响留守儿童生存质量的因素。结果 留守儿童PedsQL4.0量表结果总分为(80.52±9.58)分,MHT测验结果显示总分为(8.27±0.99)分。留守儿童生存质量得分与心理健康得分均呈负相关(P＜0.05)。多因素分析显示影响留守儿童生存质量总分的因素有照顾者受教育程度、有无兴趣爱好、与父母联系频率、父母外出务工时间(β=3.122、4.057、2.524、-2.018,P＜0.05)。结论 留守儿童生存质量与心理健康密切相关,照顾者受教育程度、有无兴趣爱好、与父母联系频率、父母外出务工时间等因素均能影响留守儿童生存质量。

Correlation between quality of life and mental health of left-behind children and influencing factors of their quality of life

Objective To analyze the correlation between quality of life (QOL) of left-behind children and their mental health, and to explore its influencing factors, so as to provide theoretical evidence for improving their QOL. Methods From September 2017 to September 2020, 208 left-behind children in the fourth grade to sixth grade of a primary school in this area were selected for investigation.The Universal Core Scale of Quality of Life for Children (PedsQL4.0) was used to evaluate the QOL of left-behind children, the Mental Health Diagnostic Test (MHT) was used to evaluate their mental health.Pearson correlation analysis method was adopted to analyze the correlation between the QOL of left-behind children and mental health, and the multiple linear stepwise regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors affecting QOL of left-behind children. Results The total score of PedSQL4.0 scale for left-behind children was (80.52±9.58) points, and the MHT test was (8.27±0.99) points.The QOL scores of left-behind children were negatively correlated with their mental health scores (P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that the factors influencing the total score of the QOL of left-behind children were education level of caregivers, interest and hobbies, frequency of contact with parents, and parents′ working time (β=3.122, 4.057, 2.524,-2.018, P<0.05). Conclusions Left-behind children′s QOL is closely related to their mental health.Factors such as the education level of caregivers, whether children have hobbies, the frequency of contact with their parents, and duration for their parents going out to work can significantly affect the quality of life of left-behind children.