超声评估在支架植入治疗Meso-rex术后桥血管狭窄中的临床价值

目的 探究超声评估在支架植入治疗成人门静脉海绵样变Meso-rex术后桥血管狭窄中的可行性。方法 纳入因门静脉海绵样变行Meso-rex手术、且经术后超声诊断为桥血管狭窄、后行经皮肝穿门静脉造影并植入支架的患者,分析比较支架植入前后的超声测量指标和声像图表现、支架植入后门静脉高压症状的改善及相关临床指标。结果 最终入组8例患者,男∶女=5∶3,平均年龄(32.4±14.7)岁。支架植入后中位随访时间为26个月。超声测量Meso-rex术后桥血管狭窄处平均内径为(2.74±0.23)mm,支架植入后桥血管平均内径为(7.23±0.68)mm,支架植入后桥血管内径较前增宽(P=0.000);Meso-rex术后桥血管狭窄处平均最大流速为(195.88±30.83)cm/s,支架植入后桥血管平均最大流速为(72.75±29.94)cm/s,支架植入后桥血管流速较前减低(P=0.000);桥血管狭窄处彩色多普勒血流成像表现为花彩血流,支架植入后彩色多普勒血流成像表现为支架内较规则的接近层流及特征性门静脉左支内反向血流。患者介入治疗后未发生消化道出血、腹腔积液,且脾脏厚度中位数从支架植入前的6.0 cm降至5.4 cm(P=0.018)。支架植入前后血液学指标对比:血小板从(51.57±18.83)×10⁹/L升至(149.00±58.96)×10⁹/L(P=0.002);血氨水平从(66.25±21.78)μmol/L降至(44.88±10.60)μmol/L(P=0.012)。结论 超声能够准确评估Meso-rex术后桥血管狭窄患者支架植入前后桥血管的通畅性,并能有效监测门静脉血流动力学改变,介入治疗后临床症状可缓解。

Clinical Value of Ultrasound in Evaluating Stent Placement for Managing Graft Stenosis after Meso-rex Bypass

Objective To explore the feasibility of using ultrasound to evaluate stent placement for managing graft stenosis after Meso-rex bypass for cavernous transformation of the portal vein in adults. Methods This study enrolled the patients who underwent Meso-rex bypass due to cavernous transformation of the portal vein,were diagnosed graft stenosis by postoperative ultrasound,and then underwent percutaneous portal vein puncture portography and stent placement.We then compared the ultrasonic measurement indicators and sonographic manifestations before and after stent placement,and evaluated the alleviation of portal hypertension symptoms after stent placement and related clinical indexes. Results Finally,8 patients were enrolled in this study,including 5 males and 3 females,with an average age of(32.4±14.7)years.The median duration of follow-up was 26 months after stent placement.The mean diameter of graft stenosis was(2.74±0.23)mm after Meso-rex bypass and became wider[(7.23±0.68)mm]after stent placement(P=0.000).The mean maximum velocity at graft stenosis was(195.88±30.83)cm/s after Meso-rex bypass and became lower[(72.75±29.94)cm/s]after stent placement(P=0.000).The color Doppler flow imaging at graft stenosis presented colorful blood flow,and presented regular near laminar flow within the stent and characteristic reverse flow within the left portal vein after stent placement.No gastrointestinal bleeding or ascites occurred after interventional therapy,and the mean thickness of spleen decreased from 6.0 cm before stent placement to 5.4 cm(P=0.018).After stent placement,the platelet count increased from(51.57±18.83)×10⁹/L to(149.00±58.96)×10⁹/L(P=0.002),and the serum ammonia level decreased from(66.25±21.78)μmol/L to(44.88±10.60)μmol/L(P=0.012). Conclusions Ultrasound can accurately assess graft patency before and after stent placement in patients with stenosis after Meso-rex bypass,and effectively monitor the hemodynamic changes in the portal venous system.The clinical symptoms can be relieved after interventional therapy.